Equipment for connecting to the Internet. Ways to connect to the Internet: what is better and which one to choose. Internet connection using DOCSIS technology

Almost every owner of a personal computer, almost immediately after buying it, thinks about the issue of connecting to the World Wide Web, which makes it possible to communicate with people from all over the world, download and search for the necessary information, use all kinds of services (e-mail, streaming multimedia) and services (web forums, blogs, online stores), and much more. Of course, the question arises before the user, but how to connect to the global network and what methods of this connection exist? If just a few years ago, the majority of network users in the Russian Federation, in fact, had no other choice but to use a modem connection via a telephone line (Dial-Up connection), now the situation on the information services market has changed significantly. This material is designed to help you understand among the multiple options for connecting to the network and choose the best one for you.

NETWORK CONNECTION METHODS

At the moment, the most common methods of connecting to the World Wide Web are:

Ordinary modem connection or the so-called dial-up access (Dial-Up)
Modem connection via asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)
Broadband leased line access (Ethernet)
Access using Mobile WiMAX technology
Access via Wi-Fi technology
Mobile GPRS/3G access
Satellite network connection

They differ from each other by the principle of operation, the speed of sending data, reliability, the difficulty of setting up equipment, and of course, the cost.

CONNECTION SPEED

Separately, it is worth talking about the fundamental characteristic of each connection to the worldwide network - the data transfer rate, which is determined by their number transmitted to the user per unit of time (per 1 second). Typically, the amount of data transferred is defined either in kilobytes/second (KB/s) or kilobits/second (kbps). For ordinary users, the measurement in bytes is more understandable, as it does not contain cumbersome numbers. Remember that 1 byte = 8 bits, while this ratio remains true for values \u200b\u200bwith prefixes: kilo, mega or giga. Knowing how to translate bytes into bits will come in handy when you start studying the tariffs of Internet providers who are very fond of indicating the Internet connection speed in bits, since in this case the figure is more impressive (8 times). Also keep in mind that for channels with a high connection speed, the measurement is already in megabits or megabytes per second.

To make everything clear, let's look at a small real-life example. If the provider promises you a speed of 5 Mbps, which is equivalent to 0.625 Mbps (divide 5 by 8), this means that you will download a 100 Mb file at best from the network for a little less than three minutes (100 / 0.625 = 160 sec).

The use of the Internet for each user can occur in different ways, for some it is associated with receiving a large amount of Internet traffic, for others it is not. For example, for ordinary web surfing (browsing web pages), the speed of an ordinary modem connection is enough, but this speed will not allow you to comfortably download large files from the network - high-quality music or movies, software distributions and other "heavy" content. To fully utilize the capabilities of the Internet, you will need access with a higher speed.

So, having dealt with the connection methods and the concept of connection speed, let's move on to their description.

dial-up access (DIAL-U.P.)

This is the "oldest" and widely used method of connecting to the global network using a modem and a telephone line. However, in our time, it is being actively replaced by more modern methods of connection and is now used either in rural (remote) areas where there is no possibility of connecting to the network using high-speed lines or by users with a very limited budget.

With this connection method, the user, every time to enter the global network, will have to dial through the modem over the telephone line in order to "get" to the provider's modem pool. Following this, the provider checks the account name (login) and password of the user. In case of successful processing of the entered parameters, the subscriber is assigned a free IP address, with the help of which he gets access to the Internet.

The advantages of such a connection are: ease of setup and installation of equipment (only a modem is needed), low cost of equipment.

There are many more shortcomings in the modem connection. Occupancy of the telephone line at the moment when you are online, low information transfer rate (usually 3-5 kb / s), poor quality of communication and data transfer due to wear and tear of telephone lines and outdated equipment at the PBX. It is clear that at the speed provided by a modem connection, it is impossible to download large files from the Internet - videos, software distributions, etc.

To connect using this method, you will need an internal analog modem if your phone line is good, or an external one if your phone line is poor.

HIGH-SPEED ACCESS WITH ADSL TECHNOLOGY

A much more advanced and modern connection method compared to Dial-up connection. Literally, the abbreviation ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) can be translated as: “asymmetric digital subscriber line”. This technology allows you to provide high-speed access to the worldwide network via ordinary analog telephone wires (lines) using a special modem. Unfortunately, this connection method has one significant limitation - ADSL equipment (multiplexer) must be installed on the PBX serving you. And if in large cities this is not a problem, then on the periphery for many users such a connection may not be available.

The main advantage of this method is the ease of installation and connection of equipment, as in the case of dial-up access (only a modem is needed), and the maximum throughput of such a connection reaches 8 Mbps (up to 24 Mbps in the case of ADSL 2+). This is quite enough for effective work with various kinds of data and multimedia content. In addition, the technology does not load a regular telephone channel, and the subscriber does not need to dial up to the provider, since the connection is permanent.

It must be said about the possible disadvantages of this method of connection. Not every user can be satisfied with the connection price and the subscription fee charged by the provider for their services. And if in many European countries ADSL is the de facto standard for providing the population with inexpensive and fast enough Internet, then in Russian conditions, a lot will depend on the region and the number of competing providers. In the absence of any competition in this area, you may face grossly inflated rates.

There is another negative point in ADSL technology that all fans of peer-to-peer networks that use torrent clients to download information from the network should pay attention to. When using this type of connection, the speed of receiving (downloading) information from the Internet is much higher than its return, which violates the basic principles of file sharing in such networks.

Required equipment:

ADSL modem
ADSL splitter (usually included with the modem)

WIDEBAND ACCESS

It is the optimal connection, as it can provide the highest speed of receiving and transmitting information in the global network (up to 100 Mbps). Broadband access makes it possible to use the Internet, its services and services with full efficiency and efficiency.

In this case, the connection is made by an Internet provider, which conducts a dedicated line (usually a twisted pair cable) to the subscriber's computer (apartment) and issues a range of IP addresses for the subscriber to access the Network.

The obvious advantages of this connection method are not only a high speed of information exchange, but also a free telephone, constant interaction with the network, and excellent communication quality.

The only obstacle for many users may be the price of installation and configuration of such a connection, which directly depends on the distance of your computer to the connection point of the provider. Most likely, it will be higher compared to other connection methods. True, it is worth noting that: firstly, this is a one-time payment, and secondly, many providers, in order to attract customers, carry out a free connection.

To connect one computer, the user only needs a network card. Currently, it is built into almost every computer. If you are deploying a home network for multiple wireless-enabled computers, you will need an additional wireless router.

ACCESS THROUGH TECHNOLOGYMOBILEWIMAX

This technology is used to provide wireless broadband access to the Internet. WiMAX is a long-range system that covers kilometers of space and allows the user to receive both fixed access (similar to the usual xDSL only without wires) and mobile access, allowing you to connect to the network from anywhere within the coverage area. As a rule, fixed access is used to deploy small office and district networks, while mobile access is aimed at the end user.

The first and largest mobile WiMAX network in Russia was deployed by Yota. The maximum data exchange rate in such networks is up to 10 Mbps, which allows you to comfortably download large files, watch videos or participate in online games. The connection to Yota itself is carried out using a special modem (usually made in the form of a USB key fob) in a matter of minutes.

Unfortunately, the main disadvantage of such a connection is its very limited distribution on the territory of the Russian Federation. At the moment, Mobile WiMAX from Yota is available only in eight cities of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnodar, Sochi, Ufa, Vyborg, Luga and Serpukhov), and even inside them in many areas the signal level leaves much to be desired.

ACCESS THROUGH TECHNOLOGYWI-FI

Unlike WiMAX, Wi-Fi is a system covering much smaller spaces (no more than 150-200 m with one access point) and is usually used by users to access their own local networks, which, by the way, may not be connected to the Internet. This is an excellent solution for simultaneously connecting multiple computers to a network without wires, both at home and in small offices.

The access point itself, which broadcasts the Wi-Fi radio signal, connects to the World Wide Web using a wired connection. Also, Wi-Fi networks are often used in restaurants, cafes, shopping malls, airports and railway stations, through which visitors to these places can access the Internet for free. Thus, we can say that this technology is an auxiliary tool that allows many users to use the capabilities of a single point of broadband Internet connection at once.

MOBILE INTERNET (GPRS/3G).

Due to the very rapid development of mobile communications in the Russian Federation, probably every adult already has a mobile phone. And if desired, it can also be used to access the global network. In fact, all providers today offer the service of using a cell phone instead of a traditional modem, creating all sorts of special tariffs for this. In addition, almost all operators now offer independent solutions in the form of specialized GPRS / 3G modems or routers with Wi-Fi support, capable of providing Internet access via mobile networks.

As a rule, this type of connection is the prerogative of mobile computer users (laptops, netbooks), allowing them to use the Internet anywhere where there is a cellular connection. It is also suitable for poorly accessible areas and places with poorly developed cable networks. For example, using a mobile connection can be very useful in a suburban area.

Compact 3G modem in the formUSB key fob

The main advantages of this connection method can be called high mobility and almost universal availability of connection in the areas covered by cellular networks. Under favorable conditions, using modern 3G routers, the speed of mobile Internet can reach 7 Mbps, and support for Wi-Fi technology will allow organizing a connection to the global network for several devices at once.

But as always, there is also a fly in the ointment, which may make it inappropriate to use this type of connection as the main one at home. The speed of such a connection is highly dependent on the mobile operator and becomes acceptable only in 3G networks, the coverage density of which, so far, is not very high in the Russian Federation. Unfortunately, in many cases (lack of 3G networks, poor signal level), the speed of the mobile Internet leaves much to be desired and is slightly superior in its characteristics to dial-up access (Dial-Up). And this, in turn, imposes certain restrictions on its functionality.

We also note that with limit tariffs (imposing restrictions on the amount of information received from the Internet), which allow using the mobile Internet at maximum speeds, the cost of such connection traffic for many users will be quite high. In gaining popularity, unlimited tariffs, as a rule, have a serious limitation on the connection speed, which can be imposed after exceeding the implicitly established limit on the amount of downloaded data from their network.

Required equipment:

Cable for connecting the phone to the computer when using the phone
GPRS/3G modem or router

SATELLITE INTERNET.

This method makes it possible to permanently connect to the network computers that are far from telephone lines at considerable distances (suburban area), and will also be useful in hard-to-reach areas with poor cellular signal reception.

Satellite connection is asynchronous (one-way) and synchronous (two-way). The second connection method, due to the high cost of equipment (here the bill goes to tens of thousands of rubles), we will not consider.

The most commonly referred to as satellite Internet is an asynchronous (combined) access method - this is when information comes to the user through a satellite dish, and the traffic request from the user is transmitted by another connection - for example, via GPRS, ADSL or Dial-Up. It should be noted that the main requirement for the request channel is the reliability of the connection.

The data transfer rate with this connection method can range from 256 to 4000 Kbps and strongly depends not only on the provider, but also on the selected tariff plan.

The main advantage of satellite connection to the Internet is the extremely low price of traffic (from 10 kopecks to 1 ruble per 1 megabyte), the ability to organize connections in remote areas, due to independence from land lines and the availability of satellite television.

The disadvantages include: the need for a channel for outgoing traffic - as a rule, a cell phone with GPRS support and a rather high cost of equipment and its installation.

Required equipment:

Satellite dish with bracket
DVB card for satellite signal decoding
Converter

CONCLUSION

So, having considered all the main ways to connect to the global Internet, let's summarize. Undoubtedly, the fastest and highest quality connection to the global network will be wired broadband access. Data exchange through peer-to-peer networks, IP telephony, IP television, local resources of local networks, deployment of your own wireless Wi-Fi network and of course the full use of all kinds of services or services of the Internet - all this will be available to you when using this high-speed connection. Unfortunately, this type of connection is available only in large cities where fiber optic communication lines are laid.

A good alternative to broadband access is ADSL technology, which also allows high-speed network access (up to 8 Mbps) and quite effectively use all the possibilities of the Internet. True, fans of exchanging files using torrent clients may face serious troubles due to the peculiarities of this technology, and as a result, the low upload speed. It should also be remembered that the presence of a telephone line is not yet a guarantee that you will be able to use this connection method, since another necessary condition is the placement of special ADSL equipment on your PBX.

The use of mobile technologies to connect to the network at home is most appropriate in areas with low cable coverage, as well as highly inflated tariffs for wired Internet services. But remember that comfortable work in the global network is possible only in cellular networks of the third generation 3G. Otherwise, the speed of information exchange will leave much to be desired. And of course, this connection method is most in demand by owners of cell phones, tablets, netbooks and other mobile devices who want to have access to the Internet anywhere in the cellular network coverage area.

If you plan to connect the Internet in a place with a low level of cable coverage, where there are no fixed telephone lines or local PBXs are not equipped with specialized equipment, and there are no 3G mobile networks, then satellite Internet will be the best solution. Low cost of traffic, acceptable data exchange speed and the ability to watch satellite TV are the main advantages of such a connection among wireless solutions. True, you will have to fork out for the purchase and installation of equipment.

The promising MobileWiMAX technology has an undeniable advantage in the form of high speed and ease of connection to the network. In fact, this is the Internet in your pocket. In a matter of minutes, almost any computer can be connected to the World Wide Web using a miniature modem, made in the form of a USB key fob. Only now the coverage area of such networks in Russia is now negligible, and the thick walls of your house can become an insurmountable obstacle to the passage of a weak signal. So before giving preference to this method of connection, check out the coverage area in your region and in general its availability.

Connection using dial-up access (Dial-Up) today can be considered completely outdated, and its use can only be presented as a budget option on telephone lines that do not support ADSL technology.

In conclusion, let's say a few words about prices. In the big cities of Russia, due to the growing rivalry of Internet providers, and the massive development of local networks, access to the worldwide network is becoming less and less expensive. From the point of view of choosing a tariff plan, unlimited Internet access with a fixed monthly subscription fee can be considered the most profitable. For example, in Moscow for 400 - 500 rubles a month you can connect to the network at a speed of 8 - 10 Mbps, the cost of unlimited mobile Internet will cost you 390 rubles, and connecting to MobileWiMAX at maximum speed - 1400 rubles. But in provinces or small towns, prices for services providing access to the global network can be greatly inflated due to weak competition among providers or its complete absence. In such cases, pay attention to mobile connection tariffs or satellite Internet, in which pricing does not depend on the region.

That's all. Successful connection to the global network!

From time to time I am asked about what methods of connecting the Internet exist and what type of access to the global network is better to choose for a country house or a house located within the city. But indeed the IT market is literally overgrown with companies that provide Internet access services. What technologies are not used today in wireless and wired connections in order to cover a hard-to-reach zone as much as possible, increase data transfer speed, improve communication quality ...

As you know, Internet providers differ in the provision of services, namely the type of access to the Internet.

Internet Service Provider - a company that provides access to the Internet to its client and provides other related services.

There are such types of Internet connections as broadband, dial-up and wireless lines. All of them are able to open the world of the Internet to you, although they work according to different principles. But first things first.

Ethernet - LAN connection.

This is a fixed broadband access to the Internet via a leased line. The line drawn by the provider is built on a fiber-optic or copper cable, which makes it possible to transfer data to computers at high speed. The material for creating a fiber optic cable is glass or plastic, and information is transmitted through it not by an electric signal, but by a light signal, which makes it possible to transmit a signal over long distances with negligible attenuation.

A copper cable means a twisted pair (described here) through which information is transmitted by an electrical signal. Due to its nature, twisted pair, unlike fiber optic cable, has a significant signal attenuation and is subject to electromagnetic interference. To increase the length of the communication channel, you should use cables with protection against interference and interference, and to reduce the signal attenuation coefficient, you need to use special correctors or signal buffers.

However, do ISPs do it in practice where it is needed? It should be said that usually fiber optic cable is used to connect the sub-provider to the backbone provider and connect various buildings (multi-storey buildings, hotels ...) to the global network, and then there is a twisted pair cable.

True, GPON technology (gigabit passive optical network) is already actively developing. Its essence lies in the fact that the provider brings a fiber optic cable directly to your apartment and puts a special separating box. In this scenario, you technically have the ability to connect to the global network at a speed of 1 Gb / s, in other cases, the speed will not exceed 100 Mb / s.

Be that as it may, a leased line is best suited for connecting to the Internet at home (read more about that) or obtaining shared network access in the office. As a rule, providers with this type of connection offer unlimited Internet, which means you will not need to worry about the network traffic spent on downloading information or browsing the net. Using a Wi-Fi router, you can connect other digital devices to the Internet (smartphone, tablet, laptop, Smart TV ...).

The high speed of the Internet channel in Ethernet technology makes it possible to quickly download impressive amounts of information, comfortably work in a network with multimedia and conduct various video meetings online. Many providers providing Internet access via a leased line offer ip-television (IPTV) as an additional service, where some channels can be presented in HD format. Perhaps this is one of the best ways to connect to the Internet.

Modem connection (ADSL and Dial-Up).

This is dial-up access to the Internet, through a telephone line using a modem. You can connect to the Internet via a telephone line using the old Dial-Up technology or more advanced ADSL technology. Connecting to a provider using ADSL, unlike Dial-UP, makes it possible to surf the Internet and make phone calls in parallel. This is achieved through an ADSL splitter, which splits the telephone signal into a regular telephone and high-frequency modem signal.

Compared to connecting via a leased line (the method described above), the advantage of a modem connection is that existing telephone cables are used, but this is where the advantage of this Internet access ends. The maximum data transfer rate for Dial-Up is 56 Kbps, and for ADSL technology it is 24 Mbps, but given the state in which the telephone lines are, connection stability and such indicators may not be.

As you understand, the telephone line loses in all respects to the leased line, given the steady growth of multimedia and the volume of transmitted data. Just a few years ago, this type of connection was considered one of the best, but nowadays it has practically become obsolete, despite the fact that it is still used as an alternative connection to the Internet where, for some reason, another connection is not relevant.

Internet connection using DOCSIS technology.

Literally, DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications) is translated as a data transmission standard over a coaxial (television) cable. Data transfer according to this standard from the provider is carried out to the client (downstream) at a speed of 42/38 Mbps, and from the user (upstream) 10/9 Mbps. It is worth saying that the band in this technology is divided between all connected participants who currently receiving or sending information flow. Therefore, the available bandwidth at the time of transmitting or receiving data for each user can vary widely.

This method of connecting to the Internet, like the previous one, is performed through a special modem. This is a cable modem for DOCSIS technology with a built-in network bridge, which makes it possible to exchange data over a coaxial or optical cable in two-way mode. It should be noted that in the network of such a provider there is a CMTS device - Cable Modem Termination System. In short and simply, this device is a large modem in the backbone network to which subscriber modems are attached.

From an economic point of view, it is not very reasonable to lay a coaxial cable in order to get access to the Internet, it is better to lay a dedicated line (ethernet connection), because such a line is better in terms of technical characteristics, but if there is already a television cable in the house and your cable TV operator provides such service, why not use it. However, if the provider can provide you with Internet access using FTTB, PON or HCNA technology, then for a number of technical advantages it is better to choose one of them instead of the traditional DOCSIS.

Mobile Internet access (GPRS, EDGE, 3G).

This type of Internet connection is popular because it allows you to access the Internet in areas where there is no telephone or leased line. You can connect to an Internet provider using a USB 3G modem or a mobile phone (iPhone, smartphone, communicator) with a modem function. A USB modem is visually similar to a USB flash drive and has a slot for installing a SIM card inside.

Connecting to the Internet, via a USB modem or mobile phone, is performed by “applying” to the base station of the mobile operator you are serving, and depending on what equipment is installed at the mobile provider, communication is established using GPRS, EDGE, 3G or HSDPA (4G). Thus, after connecting a USB modem or phone (via USB cable, infrared or Blurtooth) to a computer, you will get access to the Internet using one of the mentioned technologies.

Mobile Internet has an unstable connection quality and a rather low speed, but quite suitable for normal page loading in the browser. The maximum data transfer rate in the presented technologies averages 20-40 Kbps in GPRS; 100-236 Kbps in EDGE; 144 Kbps - 3.6 Mbps in 3G and 4G can exceed 100 Mbps, and for fixed subscribers it can be 1 Gbps.

Speed characteristics, depending on the technologies used by the Internet provider, in some cases may be higher, but in practice they are usually lower. The mobile Internet, of course, has many shortcomings, but being able to access the global network from anywhere in the country captivates many of us.

Now we will analyze the wireless connection to the Internet (satellite, WiMAX). These types of wireless Internet connections are good because they can be used where it is not yet possible to access the network via cable for some reason.

Using wireless technology, you can access the Internet outside the city, where wired Internet is not available. For example, in a country house, warehouse, office or some other facility. It must be said that such methods of connecting the Internet require the presence of additional equipment, and in some cases its purchase can “pour out” a round sum for you.

Internet via satellite dish.

For example, to connect one-way satellite Internet, you need a small set of equipment. You need to buy a satellite dish, an amplifier-converter (selected for the C, Ka or Ku band and linear or circular polarization of the operator), a satellite receiver (PCI board or USB receiver), an RG-6 cable of the required length (75 Ohm) and a pair F-connectors.

For two-way access to satellite Internet, you need a transceiver antenna (about 1.2 - 1.8 meters in diameter), a transmitting BUC (block-up converter) and receiving LNB (low-noise block) unit and a satellite modem, to which you can connect more than one and several computers and provide them with Internet access. Use the band recommended by the satellite operator.

Each of these satellite Internet connections has its own characteristics. For one-way access, you need an existing Internet access (for example, GPRS or EDGE), through which the sent requests will be processed by the Internet provider (one-way access), and after processing, the received data will be sent to your client via a satellite corridor.

With two-way Internet access, no additional channels are needed, since data is sent and received via satellite. Many satellite Internet operators can offer both unlimited packages and pay-per-traffic tariffs. Two-way satellite Internet for some operators is faster than 3G technology, and the speed in Ka-band can be 20 Mbps.

The downside of this technology can be considered the high cost of equipment, the complexity of setting up equipment for a technically inexperienced user, and a long response time (delay). Usually they use satellite Internet in remote parts of the country, where there is no other acceptable alternative. Using a Wi-Fi router with a satellite connection to a provider, as well as in other technologies, will give you the opportunity to distribute the Internet wirelessly and LAN cable to other digital devices (laptop, tablet) in the house.

We have already discussed with you different ways to connect to the Internet, including mobile access here, but I would like to draw your attention to one more type of Internet connection using WiMax technology. Often this Internet access technology is used where DOCSIS cable Internet is not available, there is no dedicated network in the house or office, or there is no telephone line for ADSL connection. Access to the global network using WiMax technology, as well as satellite connection, often plays a decisive role in such cases.

WiMax technology theoretically has a data transfer rate of about 70 Mbps, but in practice this speed is several times less. To connect to the Internet using WiMax technology, you need to contact the providing provider, which, using the network coverage map, will determine whether your location is included in the coverage area. If it turns out that your location does not fall within the coverage area, then specialists will need to determine the distance to the nearest base station to you.

It is desirable that the base station is in direct line of sight (not necessarily) from you, and the distance is no more than 10 kilometers. Depending on the results obtained (distance and signal reception condition), you will need to select a WiMax modem and an antenna with the required gain. In addition, you will need a cable to connect the antenna to the modem and a USB extension cable to connect the modem to a router or computer.

The antenna is usually installed at the highest possible point and directed (Google Earth can be used for calculation) as accurately as possible to the base station. After that, the antenna connects to the modem, connects to the network and adjusts to the maximum signal level. Very often, to receive the Internet via WiMax, a specialized Wi-Fi router with a USB port is used, which can work as a WiMax modem.

Thus, via a Wi-Fi wireless network (read if), you can open Internet access to other digital devices (tablet, laptop ...). Both Wi-Fi and WiMax technologies are wireless and are used to gain access to the Internet, but despite this they solve a different range of tasks. As a rule, Wi-Fi is used to build wireless local area networks with a range depending on the environment from 50 to 100 meters.

Unlike WiMax, Wi-Fi technology is little used by Internet providers, but this type of wireless Internet connection has gained great popularity in hotels, airports, cafes, clubs, apartments and houses. Because this technology allows you to quickly, easily and conveniently provide everyone who wants to access the global network with wireless Internet. Look at the comparative table of these standards and read.

Now, in general terms, you know what methods of connecting the Internet exist. Of course, information technology does not stand still, but is rapidly developing in our world and the speed of data transfer is constantly growing.

2018-09-05T13:52:24+00:00

Guys such bullshit. I bought the Internet 1000 Mbps, what happens if I connect it to a router that only pulls 100 Mbps?

2018-08-15T17:46:57+00:00

People, is it possible, like a thread on a regular PC, to add traffic from the network and from the mobile Internet? Internet is slow at work, but lags on the phone. At the same time, how can it be rammed into one channel?

2018-06-20T23:07:08+00:00

This article really needs to be supplemented, but I don’t have time for that yet. If you manage to assemble a team, then all the articles will be rewritten or supplemented. In the meantime, everyone is free to supplement it in the comments, but there are not many of them, but there are many more critics. But this is good, because I point out mistakes, which means there is room to grow.

2018-06-16T16:07:22+00:00

Dmitry, what the hell is a satellite dish you mean. It’s a hundred times cheaper to make a cable transfer here. And Kizeev meant Kharchenko’s antennas or a wave channel (Yaga). Do you agree? And I thank you for the article. That's just about a dedicated line (Ethernet) in more detail: it is a little expensive and there is a stat. IP address?

2017-12-15T15:51:45+00:00

Hello Dmitry. I read a lot of reviews, but only yours interested me. Since I am a lonely pensioner, one ordinary cable without a router Internet connection is enough for me, but everywhere there is only a router and a fiberglass cable, and this, accordingly, is the price. Now I have Beeline, but all the time some tricks - I pay only 450 rubles. and you need 900 r. And so I’m spinning with my pension: pay for a mobile phone, and for a telephone, and for electricity and utilities. Here I guess. And we, pensioners, also want to live, of course, not like everyone else, but we try "not to lose face." Sorry. Perhaps you have your own affairs, and you are not up to us. Sincerely, Ludmila

Wireless Internet is connected in cases where a wired connection is either not available, or does not provide adequate quality, such as ADSL, or is prohibitively expensive (tariffs or wire laying). So, we will look at 5 main types of wireless Internet, their features, pros and cons.

1. WiFi bridge

A popular option for wireless connection is the organization of a Wi-Fi bridge between the connection object and the Internet source (emitter), which in turn is connected to the network by a wire. Here it is worth noting that an important feature is the organization of the source, i.e. installation of equipment that will broadcast a Wi-Fi signal on the air. If, in principle, everything is clear with the receiving side, then problems may arise with the transmitting side. As a rule, transmitting Wi-Fi equipment is installed on high-rise buildings at a maximum height in order to avoid possible interference in the transmission of the Wi-Fi signal. Such an object still needs to be found, negotiated with the owners, with the HOA, with the management company, etc., if necessary, coordinate the installation of the emitter with other organizations (firefighters, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, television people, electric companies, etc.). Further, it is necessary to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the equipment, as well as adequate protection against theft and burglary. In addition, an important condition is the choice of a private Wi-Fi range for channel organization. The standard 2.4 GHz band, especially in high-rise buildings, is heavily loaded, which leads to noisy air, respectively, to a decrease in signal quality and Internet speed. The use of the 5 GHz band is regulated by the State Commission on Radio Frequencies (GRKCH), respectively, you need to obtain permission and register the receiving and transmitting equipment. There are also specific Wi-Fi bands such as 3 GHz, 6 GHz, however, difficulties can also arise in them. First of all, with the equipment, because. it is not always possible to find receivers, transmitters, antennas and other equipment for specific bands. In addition, it must be understood that the higher the frequency, the worse the signal permeability and, accordingly, the range of the system. Thus, in the case of solving all organizational problems, as well as the availability of an initial wired channel, when organizing a Wi-Fi bridge, you can get a fairly high Internet speed at the facility. The distance from the transmitter to the receiver can reach 10-15 km (in the case of direct visibility).
➕ High speed (up to 300 Mbps)
➕ Stability (the connection does not depend on other users, because the channel is exclusive)
➕ Low subscription fee (similar to wired Internet tariffs, since in fact this is what it is from the point of view of the provider)
➖ High price of equipment installation (30-80 thousand rubles)
➖ Difficulties in channel organization
➖ In case of non-compliance with the requirements of the State Commission for Radio Frequencies, large fines are possible with the dismantling of equipment
➖ Limited use (only in cities, because you need a wired Internet source and high-rise buildings to install transmitting equipment)

2. Satellite Internet

Satellite Internet as well as satellite television and satellite communications have been used for a long time. The main and in fact the only advantage is the availability and independence from the location. Satellite Internet can be installed in the mountains, on an island, in a forest, in a remote village. At the same time, modern equipment is also quite simple to set up, approximately similar to satellite television. However, there are also significant drawbacks.
➕ Availability (satellite internet can be installed almost everywhere)
➕ Independence (except perhaps only from weather conditions)
➖ High cost of equipment (20-40 thousand rubles)
➖ Low speed (average 5-10 Mbps)
➖ No completely unlimited tariffs
➖ High subscription fee (up to 5 thousand rubles per month)

3. Radio channel

Internet radio is inherently similar to a Wi-Fi bridge, however, not the widely used IEEE 802.11 standard is used as a carrier channel, but some alternative or specific one. In principle, any data can be transmitted over a radio channel, including the Internet. WiMAX, AirMAX and others are often used.
➕ High degree of security
➕ Potentially high speed, but depends on the implementation of a particular provider
➕ Low cost of equipment due to ready-made kits from providers
➖ High subscription fee
➖ Extremely low coverage area
➖ Equipment specifics

4. Wireless optical communication channel (BOX)

The transmission of the Internet over an optical wireless channel (not to be confused with optical fiber) is similar to a laser beam. There is a beam transmitter and a beam receiver, they must be in line of sight without interference. The data transfer rate can reach 10Gbps. However, in practical implementation, this technology is extremely rare when connecting end objects. This is primarily due to the high cost of equipment and the complexity of channel implementation.
➕ 100% channel security
➕ High speed up to 10Gbps
➕ Connection stability
➖ Extremely high cost of equipment (from 100-150 thousand rubles)
➖ To organize Internet access, the original wired channel is required
➖ Need for line of sight and no interference between transmitter and receiver

5. 3G/4G/5G internet (public networks)

Definitely the most popular and demanded way of wireless connection to the Internet is the use of 3G and 4G LTE networks of mobile operators. Such networks in our country are offered by both the Big Four operators (Megafon, Beeline, MTS, Tele2) and local operators such as Vainakh Telecom, FreshTel, Fly, etc. The indisputable advantage of this method of connecting the Internet is the versatility of the equipment, due to which the Internet is available almost everywhere, except for the most remote areas, mountains, the far north, taiga, etc. However, there are few consumers in these areas. In densely populated areas, operators are actively developing 4G LTE networks and are starting to implement 5G, as It is these technologies that promise many advantages, primarily high speed and stability of the connection.
➕ High degree of availability (about 90%)
➕ High speed (up to 300 Mbps in LTE-Advanced networks, on average about 20-50 Mbps)
➕ Unlimited Internet (for BIT.ONLINE subscribers)
➕ Low cost and equipment versatility
➕ Using different 3G/4G networks to connect
➖ The complexity of self-assembly and configuration of equipment

BIT.ONLINE company specializes in connecting wireless Internet in 3G and 4G LTE networks of Beeline, Megafon, MTS, Tele2 operators. We offer completely unlimited tariffs, high-quality equipment, turnkey installation, configuration and installation. Our experienced specialists will measure the signal of various operators, select the necessary equipment and connect the Internet in the shortest possible time. Call ☎️ 8-800-707-72-44 .

The information technology market is literally overgrown with firms that provide Internet access services. What technologies are not offered today in wireless and wired connections in order to cover the hard-to-reach zone as much as possible, increase the data transfer rate, and improve the quality of communication.

As many people know, first of all, different Internet providers differ among themselves in the type of services provided, namely the type of access to the Internet.

An Internet Service Provider is a company that provides Internet access to customers and provides related services.

There are many different types of internet connection. Among them are broadband, dial-up and wireless communication lines. All of them are able to open access to the Web, although they work on a different principle. Let's consider everything in order.

Ethernet - LAN connection

This is broadband access to the Internet on a separate line. The line laid by the provider is based on fiber optic or copper cable and allows you to transfer data at a very impressive speed. An optical fiber cable differs from copper in that the main material in it is glass or plastic, and information is transmitted through it not by an electric signal, but by a light signal. This allows you to broadcast a signal with minimal attenuation and maximum transmission speed.

Dedicated line

Under the copper cable, twisted pair is most often meant. Information is transmitted through it by an electrical signal. Twisted pair, unlike optical fiber, has a significant signal attenuation and is subject to electromagnetic interference. To increase the length of the communication channel, cables with protection against interference should be used, and to reduce the signal attenuation coefficient, special correctors or signal buffers should be used.

Do ISPs actually do this? Typically, fiber optic cable is used to connect a sub-provider to a backbone provider and connect various buildings (homes, hotels) to the global network, and then twisted pair goes.

GPON technology (gigabit passive optical network) is already actively developing. Its essence lies in the fact that the provider brings a fiber optic cable directly to your apartment and puts a special junction box. As a result, you technically have the ability to connect to the global network at a speed of 1 Gb / s, in other cases, the speed will not exceed hundreds of Mb / s.

Modem connection (ADSL / Dial-Up)

Dial-up access to the Internet through a regular telephone line using a modem. Exists as the old Dial-Up technology or the more advanced ADSL. Connection with a provider via ADSL, unlike Dial-Up, makes it possible to surf the Internet and make phone calls in parallel. This is achieved through an ADSL splitter that separates the telephone signal into a regular telephone signal and a high-frequency modem signal.

Compared to a leased line connection, the advantage of a dial-up connection is the use of existing infrastructure - telephone cables. This is where the plus of this type of connection ends. The maximum data transfer rate for Dial-Up is 56 Kbps, and for ADSL technology 24 Mbps. Given the condition of most telephone lines, there may not be such indicators about the stability of the connection. As you understand, the telephone line loses in all respects to the leased line, given the steady growth of multimedia and the volume of transmitted data. Just a few years ago, this type of connection was considered one of the best, but today it has practically become obsolete despite its active use.

Internet connection using DOCSIS technology

Literally, DOCSIS is translated as a data transmission standard over a coaxial (TV) cable. The transfer of information according to this standard is carried out to the client at a speed of 42/38 Mbps, and from the user 10/9 Mbps. It should be noted that the bandwidth in this technology is divided between all connected participants who are currently receiving or sending a stream. Therefore, the available bandwidth at the time of transmission or reception of data for each participant can vary widely.

This method is implemented through a special modem. This is a cable modem for DOCSIS technology with a built-in network bridge, which makes it possible to exchange data over a coaxial or optical cable in two-way mode. In the network of such a provider, there is a CMTS device - Cable Modem Termination System. In a simple way, this device is a large modem in the backbone network to which subscriber modems are attached.

From an economic point of view, laying a coaxial cable for the sake of getting Internet access is not very reasonable, it’s better to build a dedicated line, because such a line is better in terms of characteristics, but if there is already a TV cable and the operator provides such a service, then why not take advantage. However, if a provider can offer Internet using FTTB, PON or HCNA technologies, then for a number of technical advantages it is better to choose one of them instead of DOCSIS.

Mobile Internet access (GPRS, EDGE, 3G)

This type of connection is popular because it allows you to access the Internet even where there is no telephone or leased line. You can connect to an Internet provider using a USB 3G modem or using a regular mobile phone that supports the modem function. A USB modem is visually similar to a USB flash drive and has a slot for installing a SIM card inside.

Connecting to the Internet via a USB modem or mobile phone is performed by contacting the base station of the mobile operator with which the SIM card is registered, and depending on what equipment is installed at the mobile provider, communication is established using GPRS, EDGE, 3G or 4G technology. Thus, after connecting a USB modem or phone to a computer, you will get access to the Internet using one of the mentioned technologies.

Mobile Internet has a rather unstable connection and sometimes not high speed, but as they say, it’s better than nothing. The maximum data transfer rate in the presented technologies averages 30-60 Kbps in GPRS; 100-256 Kbps in EDGE; 144 Kbps - 3.6 Mbps in 3G and 4G can exceed 100 Mbps, and for fixed subscribers it can be 1 Gbps.

The speed may in some cases be higher, but in practice it is usually lower. The mobile Internet, of course, has its drawbacks, but being able to access the Internet from anywhere in the country where there is a cellular connection captivates many.

Internet via satellite

To connect even to one-way satellite Internet, you will need a set of special equipment. The minimum input package includes a satellite dish, an amplifier-converter, a satellite receiver, an RG-6 type cable of the required length and a pair of F-connectors.

For two-way satellite Internet, you already need a transceiver antenna (about 1.2 - 1.8 meters in diameter), a transmitting BUC converter and a receiving LNB unit and a satellite modem, to which you can connect not one, but several computers and provide them with Internet access .

Satellite Internet

The disadvantages of satellite Internet include the high cost of equipment, the complexity of setting up and a decent response time. Typically, this type of communication is used in the most remote corners, where there are no other communication options.

Internet connection using WiMax technology

In addition to other types of Internet connections, you should pay attention to the very interesting WiMax technology. Typically, this technology is used where DOCSIS cable Internet is not available, there is no dedicated network in the house or office, or there is no telephone line for ADSL connection. Access to the global network using WiMax technology, as well as satellite connection, in such cases is often an excellent choice.

WiMax technology is theoretically designed for a speed of about 70 Mbps, but in fact it is usually several times less. To connect to the Internet via WiMax, you should contact the appropriate provider, which will determine from the network coverage map whether the desired location is supported by the coverage area. If it turns out that the place does not fall within the coverage area, then specialists will need to determine the distance to the nearest base station to you.

It is desirable that the base station is in direct line of sight from the subscriber, and the distance is no more than 10 kilometers. Depending on the results obtained, you will need to select the desired WiMax modem and antenna with the required gain. In addition, you need a cable to connect the antenna to the modem and a USB extension cable to connect the modem to a computer or switch.

Previously, people lived without telephones, computers, televisions, and information and new knowledge were obtained from books, newspapers, magazines. Today everything is much easier and more convenient. To read a new book, watch a movie, find out the news of show business or the approved laws in the country, all you need is an Internet connection on a PC, mobile gadget or other device that has such capabilities. Connecting to the Internet today for many is not only a means of communication, but also a place of work.

Successful use of Internet services requires the following components:

PC, tablet, laptop, netbook, smart phone, etc;
a modem that converts signals into information and transfers information into signals by sending them over a telephone line;
software. Modern PCs already have built-in programs in the operating system that allow you to connect to the Internet. This can also include drivers (software package), browser;
a communication line that transmits information without conversion using a modem;
provider - a service provider who charges for connection time, amount of information, a certain period.

Important! To connect a personal computer to the network, you need these devices and a specialist who can adjust all the settings.

Ways to connect to the Internet

New technologies and developments in this area make it possible to connect from the usual modem to high-speed technologies. Methods of connecting to the Internet depend on the requested services, quality, speed, payment, etc.

You can connect the World Wide Web to a computer or laptop using:

cable;
modem;
WiFi.

Wired connection

A wired connection (often called "twisted pair") has a number of advantages, which are expressed as a connection for a large number of equipment. It is convenient to use in offices, organizations and large institutions running on a PC.

The speed of information movement directly through an optical cable reaches 1 Gb / s, and through a twisted pair - 100 Mb / s. It depends on the type of cable and the network card that receives the signal.

Other advantages of wired Internet:

the speed is several times higher than through Wi-Fi;
there is no delay in the exchange of files, games;
signal quality is not affected by external factors.

There is only one drawback here - the presence of cables and cords.

Note! As a rule, the developers of modern equipment and the latest technologies have taken care of the comfort of the client. Mobile gadgets and PCs do not require special settings, they are already built-in during assembly.

USB connection – modem

Since cable can interfere with movement and clutter up small spaces, there is a device for accessing the Internet without a cable. This is a modem. It is designed to convert network signals into information understandable to devices that receive them.

Types of modems for Internet access:

external (ADSL);
internal.

Modem advantages:

availability. Can work with any computer, laptop, netbook;
practicality. Does not take up processor resources during operation;
quality. Excellent technical characteristics allow you to work quickly, efficiently;
low cost.

You can list all the advantages of modems for a long time, but there is no need. A user who has tried the device at least once will not refuse it.

Since a computer or laptop loses its functionality and usefulness without turning on the Internet, and there is no Internet cable in the room, a modem will help eliminate this problem. To connect the modem to a PC or other device, you need:

Buy a modem that satisfies in terms of traffic, price, subscription fee, etc.
Turn on the PC and wait for it to fully boot.
Connect the modem to the device and press the ON button.
Load the installation disk into the drive and configure the drivers. If this is not possible, then, most likely, the settings have already been entered into the device and will be automatically unpacked.
A browser shortcut should appear on the desktop. By clicking on it twice, you should enter the provider data that the system requests (this is a login and password).
Launch any browser, making sure that the connection was successful.

Note! To check the device, it is recommended to go to the task manager and run diagnostics. If the settings are correct, then by clicking "Interrogate", the diagnostics will be successful. Otherwise, a triangle with a yellow exclamation mark will be displayed.

Tunnel connection

Among other convenient ways, many users highlight the "tunnel". The L2TP tunnel protocol is easily processed by network devices, reduces the load on the processor, and has a high speed of supply and exchange of information. L2TP is an analogue of the old PPTP protocols from Microsoft and Cisco.

How to turn on the Internet on a computer on Windows:

Open "Start" with the right mouse button.
Find "Network Connections" and click on them.
In the "Settings" section, select "Network Sharing Center".
Select "Create a new connection or network".
In the network settings, click on "Desktop Connection" and press Enter or "Next". It should show "Use my Internet connection".
Enter the server address, thereby allowing other users to use the connection.
Enter your username and code, connect to the Network and go to the "Network Connections" section.
Find "Properties" and open security options. In the VPN Type section, click L2TP with IPsec (L2TP/IPsec). It is not necessary to specify anything in the "Encryption" field.
Enter the key (password) provided by the provider and authenticate.
To finish work.

Connecting PPTP on Windows

Going into the "Windows" settings, the "Internet" section, you should choose to add a VPN connection. Then enter the password and username. Through the "Properties" right-click to specify the point-to-point tunnel protocol and confirm the actions.

PPPoE connection

To connect the Internet to Windows XP, you need:

Go to "Start" → "Control Panel" → "Network Connections".
In the "Create a new connection" window, select the "New Connection Wizard" assignment.
By selecting "Connect to the Internet", activate the menu.
Select "Set up a connection manually" and "Via high-speed connection ...".
Enter the name "NETBYNET", in the next window - login and password.
Confirm the listed actions.

Connecting via Wi-Fi

If there is a configured router in the room, then this option for connecting to the Network is the easiest. In just a few minutes, you can set up the Internet and use its services.

Note! For a high-quality wireless connection, you need desire and a working device that is ready to receive a signal.

What you need to do to get access:

Click on the wireless transmission module on the device.
In the "Controls" section, select "Network Connections".
Select a wireless connection and activate it.
Enter a password (if the system prompts).

If there is an opportunity and desire to connect the router to a laptop or computer, then the steps are as follows:

Turn off the router, connect the cable to the device through the desired connector.
In the Windows menu, find "Network and Sharing Center".
Select a LAN connection, get an IP automatically (you should copy the highlighted numbers - this is Static IP).
Enter the numbers 192.168.1.1 in the address bar of the operating system browser. In the field that appears, enter the login - admin and the password that is on the router. Select dynamic IP, click "Next".
Enter your Wi-Fi name and password.

How to connect the Internet to a computer

There are also many ways to connect a computer or laptop to the World Wide Web using various devices. Everyone can safely be called convenient, practical and light. But each user will choose for himself exactly the “one” that will satisfy all his requirements.

How providers connect the Internet

Those who wish to set up the Internet need a personal computer, a program for viewing content - a browser and a provider that provides Internet services.

The provider allows each user to identify himself with a login and password. Different providers serve different geography and provide their own amount of traffic, speed, etc.

To find a provider, you should first of all use word of mouth. You should find out which providers are already in the house (if it is a high-rise building), what is the quality of communication, what tariffs are better and other little things. You can also search for them on the Internet in special forums. There, according to user reviews, you can learn a lot of useful things.

How to connect a new PC to the Internet

The Internet can be connected to a personal computer through:

cable;
router;
modem;
access point;
phone via bluetooth, USB cable (but the computer gadget must have 3G or Wi-Fi).

Step-by-step instructions for connecting a PC to a Wi-Fi router via a network adapter:

On the desktop in the lower right corner, click on the "Antenna" icon. A window will appear, and in it available networks and connections to them.
Select the desired network and click on "Connect".
If the Wi-Fi is protected from "foreign" users, a window will appear in which you need to enter a password - a code that protects the provider.
After confirming the password, click on OK and you can safely use Internet services.

Note! If the Antenna label is crossed out with a red cross, then the laptop or computer does not see the network. In this case, you should check if the traffic distributor is enabled. But if everything is on, and the device model is old, the gadget may not support the Wi-Fi function.

Above are the most common and convenient ways to connect to the global network. In city apartments, high-rise buildings, the most practical (from a financial point of view) is a cable connection. You can install the Internet by calling your ISP or contacting support. Well, for those users whose conditions do not allow using this method (they live outside the city), it remains to set up the Network only through a modem with a SIM card from a mobile operator.