How to write a business plan points. The structure of the business plan point by point: we learn from clear examples. Characteristics of the industry and enterprise

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"Plans are the dreams of knowledgeable people" Ernst von Feuchtersleben (English scientist, philosopher, literary critic).

Business planning goals

Having chosen your business, you need to decide how you will organize it, which means you need to plan for the near future. Everyone needs a business plan:

To those from whom you try to borrow money for the implementation of your project, that is, bankers and investors.
To your employees who want to understand their tasks and perspectives.
And to you yourself - to test the rationality and realism of your ideas.

Business plan Is a document that:

Describes all the main aspects of a future enterprise or project.
Analyzes all the problems it may face.
Determines how to solve the identified problems.

Correctly drawn up business plan- this is a clear answer to the questions: "Is it worth investing in the business you have planned and will it bring income that will pay off all the costs of manpower and resources?"

Important! Planning should be carried out by present or future companies, that is, those people who are not afraid to take responsibility for the implementation of the business plan. But this does not mean, of course, that you do not need to use the services of consultants and experts in this field. Admittedly, consulting firms charge decent sums to compile it, ranging from $ 2,000 to $ 40,000. But you can make it yourself, while incurring minimal costs. By engaging in this work personally, you will not only model your future activities, but also check your strength and the idea itself.

So, the main purpose of the business plan: he helps entrepreneurs to solve the following problems:

- To study the capacity and development prospects of the future sales market.

- Estimate the costs for the production of products needed by the market. Weigh them against prices.

- Determine those indicators by which it will be possible to regulate the state of affairs.

Keep in mind! A business plan is usually written for the long term, and it should be drawn up approximately 3-5 years in advance. At the same time, for the first year, the main indicators should be divided in a monthly breakdown, for the second - quarterly, and only starting from the third year, one should limit ourselves to annual indicators. Although if we take into account our economy, its volatility, then planning for a period of more than a year is not entirely effective. Therefore, many now limit themselves to writing a plan for the year.

Business plan structure

The business plan has a complex structure. The entire life of a company from the moment of creation to the moment of stability and stability should be spelled out in business language, at the same time intelligibly and vividly. A business plan should be understandable to any entrepreneur, financier and banker, as well as potential partners. The confidentiality memorandum is drawn up in order to warn persons familiar with the business plan about the confidentiality of the information contained in it. The memorandum may contain a ban on copying, transferring the project to third parties and a requirement to return the project to the author.

The business plan should always be short and succinct. True, sometimes, in order to reveal the essence of the problem, it is made quite deep in content. Recommended volume: 30 - 70 pages, no more. And all additional materials should be included in the attachments to the business plan.

Remember! It is important to provide dosage information.

Here are the main points that you will need to consider:

annotation(up to 1 page) - written request for senior management.
Summary(1-3 pages) - basic information to get acquainted with the business plan.
Business plan(45-60) - for a detailed study of the project by the investor's specialists and experts.

Remember! Any business has its own characteristics, therefore, there cannot be a "standard" plan that is acceptable in all cases. There is, so to speak, only a general principle, a structure for drawing up a business plan.

Summary

Your business should always start with conclusions, you write them last, but they should be the very first paragraph of your business plan. A resume is the result of an already written business plan. This is the only part that most potential investors read.

The purpose of the business plan.
The need for finances, for what purposes they are needed.
A brief description of the business and its target customer.
The main differences from competitors.
Key financial indicators.

Business plan:

1. Goals and objectives

Here you will need to provide an analysis of the idea (SWOT-analysis). Disclose strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

Analysis of the idea.
The purpose of the activity (what you want to achieve).
Characteristics of the industry.

2. Product (service)

It is important that this part is written in clear, concise language that can be understood by a layperson.

Description of the product or service and their application.
Uniqueness
Technologies and qualifications necessary for business.
License / Patent Rights.

3. Market analysis

Market and marketing is a decisive factor for all companies. You need to first collect and process a large amount of "draft" information.

Buyers.
Competitors (their strengths and weaknesses).
Market segments.
Market size and growth.
Estimated market share.
The composition of your clientele.
Influence of competition.

4. Marketing plan

At this stage, the main task is to gain the trust and disposition of a potential investor. If you do not have a special education, you should read books on marketing, contact a specialist.

Marketing alignment (main characteristics of products, services in comparison with competitors).
Pricing (how to correctly set the price of a product).
Distribution scheme of goods.
Sales promotion methods.

5. Production plan

Here you should consider all the issues related to the premises that you occupy, their location, equipment, personnel.

Location of premises.
Equipment.
Sources of supply of basic materials and equipment.
Use of subcontractors.

6. Management staff

Investments are made in specific people, and not in a business plan, therefore this section is one of the most important.

The main management team.
Staff composition.
Reward.

7. Sources and amount of required resources

In this section, you should present your thoughts on:

Amount of funds required.
Sources of their receipt, form, timing.
Terms of refund.

8. Financial plan and risk analysis

Business people are divided into those who like to work with numbers and who are afraid of them. For those in the first category, this section of the business plan is undoubtedly the most important.

Sales volume, profit, cost, etc.
Risks and how they can be avoided.

9. Detailed financial plan

You need to include a detailed financial plan in your business plan:

Sales volume forecast.
Profit and loss estimates.
Cash flow analysis (monthly for the first year, then quarterly).
Annual balance sheet.

And finally, I would like to give some useful tips for drawing up a business plan:

To get started, read a few other business plans.
The business plan should reflect your personality.
Preparing a business plan is a job that requires the use of imagination.
Gain experience and skills in the chosen direction.
Write only on days when you are full of energy, not when you are mentally and physically exhausted.

Wish you luck!

In order to understand what a business plan is for and in what order it is drawn up, one should decide on the very concept of this commercial definition.

The correct business plan is a step-by-step instruction for opening a new commercial project with a description and listing of the methods and means used in the process of achieving the intended goal.

With its help, an entrepreneur is able to identify all the possibilities for the occurrence of risks, as well as ways to reduce them and reduce the impact on business development.

By drawing up a business plan, an entrepreneur can predict the total amount of capital investment and the required amount of start-up capital before starting a project. In addition, with the help of a well-designed business plan, the chances of additional project financing at the expense of third-party investors are increased.

As an example, the drawing up of a business plan for opening a health center will be given.

Competent design

Great importance should be given to the execution of the business plan, as it plays an important role in the investor's decision to finance the project. Business plan preparation can be compared to writing a thesis in a serious state university, which implies:

cover on corporate paper containing the company logo;
registration in a folder with a spring and a transparent cover;
sequential pagination throughout the document;
business plan sheets are printed on only one side;
use for text only fonts Times New Roman and Arial, size 12-14;
highlighting headings and subheadings;
the correct design of the title page indicating the main details of the organization - name, legal address, phone numbers, e-mail box, contact person.
the next page after the title page should be the content of the business plan with the number of the page on which each title of the document begins.

There is no specific template by which the content of any business plan is drawn up due to the variety of types of commercial activity and the specifics of each specific type. However, there are also common to all types of business business plan content points to be sanctified. These include:

1. Brief description of the project

In this paragraph, in a concise and laconic, however, in the most interesting form for the investor, the project of opening a specific type of business is described, the goals and objectives of the project are highlighted, production volumes and turnover are predicted, the predicted main economic indicators:

volume of sales;
profitability of the project;
the amount of net profit;
the amount of investment;
payback period and so on.

As a rule, a short description is drawn up after writing the entire business plan and carrying out the corresponding calculations, in order to accurately cover all the key points of the project and present them in a favorable light for investors. Since all experienced investors first of all read the brief description of the project.

Example:

Within the framework of the example under consideration, in the description of the health center, the main purpose of its opening should be indicated - the provision of health services and assistance in maintaining physical fitness.

The main advantages of the project are:

high quality of services provided;
using only high-tech equipment in this process;
a high degree of uniqueness of the services provided for the provision of services in comparison with competitive health centers.

2. Market research

As part of the description of this paragraph, it is necessary to disclose the situation in the selected market segment, as well as describe the main opportunities and prospects for the development of this project. First of all, such a characteristic of market conditions is given to familiarize the investor with them, since it is not at all necessary that this investor is well versed in the conditions of a particular selected market segment.

In addition, a detailed description of the target audience of the opening business should be given. It should be segmented by certain signs:

geographical position;
demographic data;
type of consumer behavior;
type of user behavior;
income level and so on.

Also, in this section, possible changes in the market environment should be predicted, as well as trends and factors that can affect the successful course of commercial activity should be identified.

Example:

In our example, the target audience of a wellness center can be divided into segments of the population with different income levels. This fact creates a significant advantage for successful business, since the center is focused on clientele with varying degrees of material well-being.

Considering the expectations of consumers of the services provided, it can be noted that almost half of the visitors to establishments of this kind (45.6%) prefer swimming to other services, and, accordingly, the presence of a pool in the center significantly increases the target audience of the business under study.

By gender the ratio of potential visitors is 71% - women and 29% - men.

According to the pessimistic forecast, the volume of attendance on weekdays will be 10 people, on weekends - 20 people. In an optimistic estimate, the volume of a weekday will be 30 people, a weekend - 40 people.

In order to combat competition (which is at a high level in this locality), an active marketing program is planned to expand the circle of customers by marketing program implementation consisting in:

setting affordable prices for the services provided;
the uniqueness of the equipment used;
introduction of discount and promotional offers;
a unique approach to each visitor to the center;
friendly staff behavior;
effective impact of the applied healing procedures.

3. Characteristics of goods or services

This section provides a detailed description of the products or services produced, describes the benefits of use. If there are patents for any product or service, then this fact must be indicated.

Example:

Within the considered example, as benefits of opening a wellness center can be called:

convenient location relative to public transport lines;
the possibility of parking near the building of the center;
offering unique and unusual services of the center.

The disadvantages of running this type of business can be denoted:

high rental costs (if the building is not owned by the entrepreneur);
inconvenient location (if any);
limited target audience by gender (most clients of health centers are still women);
high competition and sophistication of this business sector.

Also, within the framework of the characteristics of the services of the health center, it is recommended to provide a description of the specialized equipment (tonic tables, vibration platforms, climb simulators, etc.) used in the provision of services.

4. Ways to promote your business

This point of the business plan deals with pricing issues, it describes how to promote a project in a market segment, outlines ways to sell products and outlines marketing moves for promoting services on the market.

Example:

For the wellness center under consideration, a wide market for the offer of services is designated, including both individuals and corporate clients.

Within the framework of the marketing program, main business accents:

A benchmark for the high quality of services provided.
Development of a professional design for the decoration of the premises of the wellness center.
Developing a serious project image and building its own brand, achieved through high-quality customer service; affordable prices for services; establishment of a system of discounts; development of club cards of the center (subscriptions).

To calculate the prices for services, the cost of services rendered per client, including:

electricity costs;
employee salaries;
social Security contributions;
depreciation deductions;
lease payments;
general and general production costs.

VAT is charged on the amount of these costs, and then a markup is made, the amount received and is the cost of the center's services.

For the successful conduct of a communication policy and attracting additional clientele of the center, it was decided to actively use various advertising media (print and through the media), as well as negotiate with various organizations to attract corporate clients.

The description of the production process in the business plan is important!

5. Description of the production process

This paragraph of the business plan provides a detailed description of the premises for the location of the business, the equipment used and the need to involve resources and working capital in the production process. It should also provide a description of the production technology, as well as the scheme for its implementation.

A calendar plan is drawn up for opening and starting a business until it reaches a return on investment.

Example:

This paragraph not only provides the production and technical characteristics of the equipment used, but also provides a plan for spending borrowed funds.

6. The structure of the enterprise. Control. Staff

This paragraph indicates the organizational and legal form of the organization, describes the distribution of responsibilities between services within the enterprise and the direction of their interaction. For greater clarity of the description, schemes can be used.

As part of the description of the second subparagraph, the characteristics of the head of the opening business, his duties, functions, as well as a brief biography and work experience are given.

In the third subparagraph, the staff is determined, the responsibilities of each member of the team, professional requirements for him, the salary level of all personnel is assigned.

Example:

For the health center, the organizational and legal form can be chosen - LLC, the staff is determined in the amount of 5 people. It was decided to recruit personnel with the help of a recruiting agency followed by an interview.

7. Assessment of risks and ways to reduce them

In this paragraph of the business plan, you should list all likely risks in the process of doing business, as well as outline ways to reduce or prevent them.

If risk insurance is planned, then the sum insured and the types of risks to which it will apply should be indicated.

Example:

For the wellness center risks should be divided into external and internal.

To external risks refers to:

increase in the cost of utilities;
changes in tax legislation and an increase in tax rates;
emergencies and natural disasters;
an increase in the amount of lease payments;
tougher competition.

Into the group internal risks includes:

lowering the quality of the services provided;
lack of professionalism of the center staff;
breakdowns and equipment becoming unusable.

The ways of reducing the impact of risks are determined:

1.insurance;
2. reservation;
3. avoidance measures;
4. actions of a preventive nature.

8. Forecasting financial flows of the project

This paragraph of the business plan assumes the preparation of projected financial statements of the opening enterprise, including:

balance;
Profits and Losses Report;
cash flow statement;
achievement in time of the break-even point and payback of the project;
the size of the investment;
calculations of the profit and profitability of the project.

Example:

To open a health center, a specific loan term is given and a repayment schedule is provided.

A budget of income and expenses is drawn up, for the first year of business operation, detailed by months, then by years.

The payback period of the project (with the definition of the break-even point) and its profitability are calculated.

A general assessment of the feasibility of opening this business project is given.

9. Applications

This paragraph includes all additional materials used in the process of drawing up and correctly calculating a business plan. Such materials can be:

schemes;
graphics;
Photo;
copies of contracts and agreements;
clippings from information sources;
biographies;
reports and so on.

The video below provides useful information for business people looking to start a wellness and fitness business.

Output

The article provides an approximate plan for drawing up a typical business plan with a private example of opening a wellness center. For a better understanding of the topic, below is an example of drawing up a business plan for a wellness center with calculations, which can be downloaded for free.

Every successful entrepreneur can confidently declare that a well-written business plan acts as one of the most important elements in the formation of his own business. Understanding how to correctly design a future enterprise, you can predict a positive result when contacting a credit institution or an investor. Consider further the basic rules for writing a business plan.

Purpose of the document

Writing a business plan (an example project will be discussed below) can be done in various ways. There are various manuals for this. However, in most of them the information is very specific and understandable only to economists or accountants. At the same time, the need to draw up a business plan arises for all novice entrepreneurs. The document is necessary to provide it to a credit institution, to obtain a loan from an investor for the development of the business at the initial stages. In addition, a business plan allows you to see the immediate and future goals, predict capital investments for one or another, foresee the moment when the first profit will come, and calculate the total income from activities.

Specificity of enterprises

To obtain a loan for the construction of a plant or factory, it is more expedient to contact the appropriate organizations that can provide qualified assistance in writing a business plan. In this case, the document will contain economic calculations and be supported by financial documents drawn up in accordance with all the rules for their registration. A business plan drawn up in this way can be sent without hesitation to both foreign investors and domestic credit companies. However, in this case, it should be understood that the services for the design of the project of the future enterprise will be expensive. To open a mobile point of sale or a clothing or footwear repair shop, for example, there is no need to study or calculate industry risks in detail. In this case, it will be enough to competently organize production, determine the sales market, and forecast enterprises. A program for writing a business plan for such an activity will be understandable for a novice entrepreneur.

An important point

Entrepreneurs who have a lot of experience in doing business do not recommend relying unconditionally on the experience of acquaintances or friends and only on their intuition. Activity forecasting does not appear as an obsolete component of socialist reality. Planning is an essential element of modern business. Analysis of payback periods, determination of periods of investment, development and subsequent return are the most important aspects even with a relatively small investment. Concepts such as "market" and "plan" are fundamental both in the East and in the West. At the present stage of economic development, it is enough to adopt the experience of successful companies and get positive results.

Sample business plan writing

The project of the future business is necessary for the investor, as well as for the entrepreneur himself. The structure of writing a business plan includes a number of mandatory points. These include, in particular:

introduction;
a short description of the future enterprise;
assessment of the sales market, competition, investment risks;
production formation plan;
sales forecasts for services / goods;
financial plan;
organization of management;
application.

Adaptation to the Russian market

The above plan for writing a business plan is recommended by Western analysts. However, in the practice of domestic entrepreneurship, some of its points require clarification and additional decoding. So, taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian business sphere, a section should be included in the plan for writing a business plan, which reveals an adequate understanding of the problems and issues related to the quality of services and goods. Here it is necessary to provide possible options for their solution. Also in the plan for writing a business plan, it is advisable to include an item describing the ability to competently manage and regulate the cost of services / products. In the same section, it is worth revealing the ways to ensure its competitiveness. Another additional point will be a clear vision of the prospects for the development of the enterprise, guarantees of the ability to complete the business.

Business plan writing plan: independent work

First of all, one should clearly assess the competitiveness of the proposed services or goods, analyze the sales market, the timing of the first profit, the time during which the investment will pay off. The next step will be to determine the amount of required capital investments. Experts recommend dividing investments into several parts, supporting the justification with appropriate calculations. Taking into account the listed points, it should be understood that a self-compiled business plan may be fundamentally different from the above structure. It should also be noted that there is no project form regulated by norms and standards. Each entrepreneur has the right to independently establish a list of items, the amount of documentation for planning an enterprise. However, if external investment is needed to start a business, you should still adhere to the above scheme.

Introduction

This section of the business plan is a presentation of the future enterprise. It is necessary to describe the type of activity in an understandable form in the most optimistic light. It often happens that the introduction is the only section that the investor reads on his own and immediately makes a decision whether to take a project into development or reject it. The study of the remaining parts, in which calculations, marketing research, financial justifications are displayed, he will entrust to his specialists. However, as practice shows, it is the introduction that decides the fate of the project. This section should be short and succinct at the same time.

Characteristics of the industry and enterprise

This is the next important part of the business plan. This section provides a general description of the enterprise and industry:

Financial indicators.
Personnel composition.
Direction of activity.
Company structure.
List and description of services / products.
Development prospects and so on.

The section should contain the characteristics of the proposed production, a number of technological aspects. These moments should be described in simple and accessible language. It makes no sense to delve into terminology, use a professional style. In this case, it is enough to point out the uniqueness of services or products, the demand in the near and foreseeable future. You can also draw the investor's attention to the advantages of the offered products.

Marketing research

The conditions under which consumers become customers of the enterprise should be described here. The section outlines methods of sales promotion, formation of a positive image, distribution of services / goods. The marketing plan includes a list of advertising costs. In essence, it should be justified how and why consumers will purchase the service or product.

Production

This section should be described. It also contains the characteristics of the premises, specifies the established requirements for equipment and personnel. The production plan should also describe suppliers and contractors.

Organization of the enterprise and financial component

The business plan should contain a description of the form of management, the tasks of the specialists of the administrative apparatus. For a domestic investor, it is important to have a resume for each member of the management department. In this regard, in this section it is worth listing the partners, noting as truthfully and objectively as possible the contribution of each of them to the development of the enterprise, functional responsibilities and role in the company. The financial part contains economic calculations. In particular, a table of income and expenses is compiled, the balance is forecast, variable and direct costs are indicated, and so on. Usually in this section three forecasts are developed: realistic, optimistic and pessimistic. They are displayed as graphs.

Today, small business is a widespread phenomenon in the economies of various countries, including Russia. It can be presented as a small private enterprise, that is, a legal entity, and an individual in the IP format. Small businesses are represented in sales and services.

Note that small business in Russia includes organizations in which the number of workers does not exceed 100 people in the field of construction and industry, 30 people in retail trade, in agriculture and scientific and technical enterprises, this figure reaches 60 people. In Europe and the United States, this figure is significantly higher and amounts to 300 and 500 people, respectively.

The importance of small business for the economy of any country is very great, especially for countries with a high level of unemployment. Due to it, new jobs are created, as well as meeting the needs of consumers in many services and goods. In this regard, the state is pursuing an active policy of supporting small business. For its successful creation, development and existence, an effective plan is necessary, taking into account all possible scenarios for the development of events.

A business plan at the initial stage of creating your own business helps to finalize the idea and ways of implementing the business, as well as determine the amount of investment. The main goal of any business plan is to describe all the stages of business implementation, calculate the necessary costs, determine its elements, determine the time for the business to get profit, calculate the strengths and weaknesses, as well as the risks and benefits of owning a business.

Note that large firms that have worked for more than one year are also engaged in such an important matter as drawing up a strategy for the development of their own business. They have special departments involved in planning the further promotion of the business and keeping it afloat.

By starting your own business, you can make your own strategy for the development of your business based on the templates and tips that will be given below. In this article, we will show you how to write a business plan with step-by-step instructions.

When writing a business plan, we must consider and describe the following main points:

the purpose of creating your own business;
competitiveness in the market;
managerial potential (in other words, the amount of work that a manager and his subordinates can handle);
flexibility of the model;
the degree of exposure to external factors;
financial component, as well as the final results.

Business plan preparation

A business plan can be in the form of an official document with a cover, handwritten on a piece of paper, or presented in electronic format. The structure of a business plan and the content of its main sections, including points that in some cases may be omitted:

title page (not always used);
a short description of the project as a whole (summary);
main ideas of the project;
sector and market analysis in general, SWOT analysis, target audience;
project implementation plan;
profitability of a business idea;
the necessary regulatory framework;
applications.

Title page

The title page of a project is a cover that highlights the important elements of a business idea. These include: the name and author of the project (business), the year and place of the project creation, you can also indicate its initial cost, that is, investments.

Summary

A business plan summary is a brief description of the case as a whole, which is drafted in such a way that it is of interest to potential investors and partners.

First, you need to describe the rationale for the relevance and relevance of the proposed service or product. For this, it is necessary to analyze the market in this area. Determine the target audience for your business. To do this, it is necessary to pay attention to the business idea itself, its relevance, the degree of prevalence, as well as the income received. The second important point is a description of the factors affecting the viability of the business, its income and implementation according to the plan. We pay special attention to the description of ideas, goals and objectives of the project.

Read also: How to open an account for a legal entity at VTB 24

Key ideas

The next point should be devoted to a complete and detailed description of the idea of the business itself. When compiling it, it is necessary not only to describe the basis, but to think over possible options and ways to expand the existing proposal. For example, expanding the product line or modifying it, expanding the range of services. Careful, competent and deliberate writing of the previous paragraphs will allow you to draw up a plan for the implementation of the main activities and stages of running a business and its functioning.

Before putting forward an idea for its subsequent implementation, it is necessary to make a qualitative analysis of the market for goods and services. This will help you identify an empty and underdeveloped segment of offers. After the idea is formed, it is necessary to study the profile area in more detail in order to determine the possible ways of business development, the target audience, that is, the consumer. It is necessary to indicate the following data: general, brief information about the industry, its main economic indicators, prospects and dynamics of development; a description of competitors and their financial performance, market conditions is important.

Sector and market analysis in general, SWOT analysis, target audience

In parallel, it is necessary to determine the strengths and advantages of your project, opportunities, describe the risks, threats - in other words, make a SWOT analysis of the idea. For convenience, a table is compiled. For each risk, an action plan should be drawn up to overcome it or alternative options for action.

It is necessary to pay special attention to the description of the target audience of consumers - to draw up its portrait. It includes information about gender, age and social group, values and motives that will motivate people to use your service or purchase a product. This work will identify ways to increase the interest and consumption of your products and services among the existing target audience, and will also allow you to attract new groups. In the same paragraph, you need to describe the most profitable and cost-effective ways of marketing a product or service. This point of your business plan is an important and integral part of it, so you need to approach it responsibly.

Project implementation plan

When drawing up an action plan, it is not recommended to indicate the exact dates and times of completion of an action. Here it is also necessary to remember about the existence of different types of plan, which perform certain functions and include their specific functions. The first is the strategic and marketing plan. It includes drawing up a table of activities with approximate time intervals and the necessary funds and resources, as well as building a strategy (tasks and methods of their implementation) close to it. Here, the principles of pricing for a product or service, their distribution channels are determined, and advertising tactics are developed.

The profitability of a business idea

On the basis of the previous plan, a financial one is drawn up, which includes all items of income and expenses for the entire period of work, including accounting for wages. If you are not sure of the correctness of its compilation, then it is better to entrust this function to a professional. The next step is to write a production plan. This is a description of the entire process of creating a product, from the selection of a supplier and receipt of raw materials, to the manufacture of goods and their sale. It is imperative to prescribe an administrative plan, which includes the definition of the responsibilities of each work unit, the level of wages, as well as measures to optimize the work of employees. For example, participation in competitions, professional development.

Profitability is a measure of business performance.

When calculating it, all available resources are taken into account that can and should be used at the initial stage of creating a business, as well as throughout its development. Here we are talking about the initial capital, as well as possible investment injections. This calculation allows us to determine the time to reach the break-even point and the transition to profit. If the forecast is made for a long period, it is important to take into account the possible growth of the payroll, the inflation rate, as well as the possible costs of updating equipment and increasing the cost of materials.

For a business to flourish, planning is necessary, and for its dynamic development, it is necessary to develop a business plan. In addition, a competently drawn up plan will help you find an investor or lender to develop your business.

Describe your business idea, present it as necessary at the moment
To give detailed description of the future enterprise, what exactly will represent your business
Describe the future manufactured products, provision of services to the public or production process
Lead sales market analyst, your competitive features: low cost, unusual packaging
Draw up a detailed production plan, outline steps to implement your project
Give a description product marketing how are you going to organize channels and marketing methods
Make up financial plan... It includes the costs of organizing a business and the approximate income from its implementation.
Conduct a complete analysis of your business project, where will be presented evaluative opinions of experts about your project
Do development schedules, fill out sales tables, supply schemes and procurement of manufactured products or provision of services

These are the main stages of drawing up a business plan that will help you get investments for your project.

How to write the right business plan for production

In many ways, the production process cannot be solved without organizing the planning of the entire production, and it is best to fix this in a business plan. In him:

The purpose of writing a business plan is to determine the feasibility of investing in production, whether it will be profitable, and at what time it will take for it to start making a profit. First of all, it is necessary to carry out calculations of the profitability of the future enterprise, thus you can avoid the occurrence of problems in the future, and give yourself an answer to the question: is it possible to overcome them on your own.

What should be displayed when writing a business plan?

The first and second parts of the plan consist of a summary and description of the main idea of the business.

It should resemble a commercial proposal for investment in your project sent to prospective partners or investors.

It should display:

The purpose of your project: what do you intend to release, or what services to provide
Who is your product for, definition sales audience
Outline the volume of the expected turnover in the first year of existence
Calculate approximate amount of costs to open, establish a production process at your enterprise
Define legal form: open, closed or joint-stock company you decide to organize
Which the number of employees are you going to involve in your production
Define all sources of financing your project

After carrying out all the necessary calculations, the businessman will be able to form an opinion whether it is worth organizing this business, because the risk and ways of overcoming it are found out so that the enterprise does not suffer collapse.

The simplest example of how to draw up a business plan, for example, for an LLC that is going to establish the production of sweet baked goods, can be represented by the following diagram:

Designate a goal: Baking confectionery, mainly cakes, for the urban population. To be at the forefront of your market segment

Outline the tasks:

Organize the work of a compact confectionery shop
Arrange the supply of the necessary raw materials and hire employees
Preliminarily try to occupy a third part of the market by developing a marketing strategy for doing business, according to which there will be a gradual squeezing out of competitors with low prices and a new recipe

Find missing funds by taking a loan secured by existing real estate.

A good example of a small business business plan

For example, you are about to open a tailor shop.

initially need to figure out the perspective this business in the current market.

We are writing a resume where you are going to open a small production workshop.
Describe the form of ownership, for example LLC. The planned payback period of the project is 40 months
Describe the general provisions of the enterprise:

purchase of equipment,
textiles,
furnishings and accessories.

If your own money is not enough to complete the project, write about borrowing.
Then describe who your services will be provided to:

for individuals, by individual measurements,
and for legal entities that need overalls.

You can include services for sewing curtains, bed linen for further sale.

Conduct market analytics and create a marketing plan. The plan must develop the necessary measures that will bring your workshop to the forefront.
Analyzing the costs of the enterprise:

payment of salaries to employees,
payment of rent for the premises where your workshop is located.

Based on the analysis carried out, the payback period of the project is calculated.

Schedule production, gradually increasing production to 1000 units per day
Analyzing the investment market: where and how to find partners for joint business
Make financial calculations:

calculate the amount of fixed costs for the purchase of equipment
calculate the amount of variable costs for the purchase of materials for production: threads, accessories, needles. This includes the rent for the premises.

Find out the missing amount for the full opening of the enterprise, describe the conditions for the provision of credit funds
Describe the form of ownership and taxation of the company
Calculate estimated monthly and annual revenue
Based on the financial analysis of the enterprise, you find out the result of the work (it must be positive).

An example of drawing up a business plan for an individual entrepreneur

Financial institutions are reluctant to issue loans to individual entrepreneurs, and recent bank failures have led to the need to submit a detailed business plan in order to obtain credit funds.

This is one of the most basic documents, and it must be drawn up competently, with the display of the financial component of the business, the analysis of the market and the prospects for the development of the activities of an individual entrepreneur.

How to independently and competently draw up a business plan

At first, a competent business plan for an individual entrepreneur should be as detailed as possible, reflecting the performance analytics (various factors should be taken into account, including indicators of the financial component).

Secondly, it should display both current activities and make a forecast of future development, taking into account interest rates, current exchange rates.

Thirdly, it should find a display of the current state of the entrepreneur's main fund, its market value, and how the money will move:

purchase of the necessary equipment, materials,
ways of selling a product group or providing services to the population.

Sample Business Planning for Small Business

In order to get credit with confidence, you can create a simple business plan and give a full description of the planned expenses and income in it, but the practical value of such a plan will be small for several reasons:

It will not be possible to simulate all the data, and if they change, you will have to rewrite the document
It does not display the full state of the business: no fixed asset credentials, equipment depreciation is not included
Such planning makes it impossible for an entrepreneur to pursue previously set goals.

It is best to prepare a working business plan electronically, using software such as Microsoft Excel. Open the program and enter the table names in the field:

Fixed assets

The first table should display all the assets of the enterprise that belong to an individual entrepreneur and are involved in the production of products.

Be sure to enter the form of ownership and the value of assets. The depreciation values of the equipment for each year should also be entered here.

The main assets include:

own real estate and vehicles,
equipment and professional tools,
computers and equipment necessary for production.

Fixed assets most often act as collateral for bank lending, they brighter than other indicators reflect the actual position in business. Their total cost should be shown taking into account the depreciation process in the long term, for each month, quarter or year.

This key figure is required for the Enterprise Balance Sheet table.

Cost of products or services to the public

The second table displays a complete picture of the enterprise's entrepreneurial activity.

Data is entered every month or quarter.

The data of all tables should be interconnected, because in many respects the cost will directly depend on the purchase prices for products.

The table records not only the revenue of the enterprise, but also the quantitative indicators of the sale itself.

Sales of products
Enterprise balance

The Balance table displays complete information about property and intangible assets, the company's liability. If the balance sheet is drawn up correctly, then the amounts on the asset converge with the amount of the liability, and this will mean that the company has a healthy financial situation, there are no unaccounted cost items.

Received dividends and a list of required payments
List of employees and their salaries
Main factors