How to connect to the school network study. Internet at school - how it is protected. Stages of work on the project

Now no one is surprised by the numerous smartphones, tablets and netbooks among students and high school students. It was about ten years ago that the presence of a banal PDA caused obvious surprise among teachers who lectured “from a piece of paper”. So will ubiquitous “spilled” free Wi-Fi contribute to the effectiveness of education?

Free Wi-Fi should appear in Russian universities and schools. Over time 🙂

Recalling the quite positive results of the Education national project implemented in 2007, part of which was to connect tens of thousands of Russian schools to the Internet on an ongoing basis, I can only welcome the innovations of State Duma deputies Mikhail Degtyarev and Yaroslav Nilov: for the second time they are trying to provide free Wi-Fi -Fi Russian schoolchildren and students. In the fall session of 2012, they did not succeed, but they will try again. The idea is quite clear: since educational institutions are already connected to the Web, it is necessary to make this service available not only in computer science classes. Despite the fact that not all students can afford 3-4G Internet access (400-500 rubles per month for a USB modem or Internet tablet), they still need to find useful data on the Web. And if not the fastest, but free Wi-Fi will help this. Fortunately, any modern mobile device supports this data transfer technology. Yes, now there is free Wi-Fi in the libraries of many universities, but this is clearly not enough.

What will it take to provide students and students with free Wi-Fi for all? For a high school, hundreds of meters of Ethernet cable, as well as a dozen household routers that can be configured without much hassle. I think that in this situation, the schoolchildren themselves will most quickly cope with such a task, and not a computer science teacher or a full-time “admin”, if there is one in schools. For universities, of course, more equipment will be needed, since there are a lot of buildings, and Wi-Fi should be present in all classrooms without exception. True, after installing many access points, you will have to strengthen the Internet access channel - I believe that at least ten times. For there is nothing sweeter than unlimited and free access to the Web. I think that educational institutions will have to splurge on a computer that will play the role of a server - with its help it will be possible to arrange network monitoring, set limits for users on the speed and volume of traffic, and also filter all kinds of torrents or downloads, for example, videos from YouTube or videos from various servers that allow you to watch movies during training sessions. It is clear that such hotspots will be necessarily connected to the “forbidden content” filtering systems: so it will be difficult to download porn through them (although if only formally, young hackers can quickly figure out the system settings).

Free Wi-Fi should improve the quality of the learning process

Will free Wi-Fi help the learning process? It's like saying. On the one hand, getting access to the Web, even at a speed of 256-512 Kbps, will be really good luck for students and teachers. It is no secret that in many educational institutions, even in large cities of the country, the signal of 3-4G networks from telecom operators is very weak. Powerful walls and frankly weak capacity of cellular networks, which are allocated for data transmission, interfere. So if there is free Wi-Fi, then communication in social networks and using various messaging systems will definitely increase. I think it's like an avalanche. But the same reason will give educational institutions the opportunity to use all the possibilities of interactive learning. A video can replace a boring story with a slide show. A presentation running simultaneously on many devices will make it possible to focus on fixing your thoughts, and not on stupid copying of the lecturer's speech. Well, there is nothing to say about the test tasks that will need to be completed on the website of the university - it is immediately clear who and how to cope with them. By the way, during exams, free Wi-Fi in educational institutions may well provide access only to internal intranet resources, without releasing users into search engines to find answers to the tricky questions of teachers.

It may very well be that global budget spending on free Wi-Fi in schools and universities will not be required - such projects are ready to be developed by telecom operators.

It is beneficial to accustom users to modern communication technologies and cellular operators. For relatively little money, they can quite easily become sponsors of the “informatization” of individual universities and schools in order to “at the exit” get loyal users who will choose “wireless mobility” precisely from the company that, several years before their graduation from the educational institution, provided them with more -less decent network access. If the Big Three, Rostelecom, TTK, and ER-Telecom companies actively approach the issue, then the problem can be solved fairly quickly. Financing can be envisaged from the fund of the Universal Communication Service: it will be much more useful than financing lonely and snow-covered payphones. Maybe, who knows, the availability of high-speed communication channels not only in educational institutions, but also in university dormitories will finally create conditions for a rapid growth in the number of technology startups not only of IT orientation in Russia, will give impetus to Internet commerce, additional services of mobile operators communications (such as IPTV or interactive multiplayer games).

The idea that “wireless Internet access should be provided throughout the territory of higher educational institutions 24 hours a day” is not new - it was promised to be implemented by the former Minister of Communications, Mr. Shchegolev, in 2011. But - it didn't happen. The Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Education and Science did not find time to establish interaction with the leadership of universities to resolve organizational and technical issues. Nor do I remember that the Department of Information Technologies of Moscow provided all the promised 300 schools in the city with Wi-Fi points. By the way, the current minister, Mr. Nikiforov, did not even return to this issue in his theses on the development of the communications industry until 2018. But it is possible to implement that project much faster than laying a fiber-optic communication line in the same Norilsk: it will take less money, and there will be much more benefit.

MOU Kudinovskaya secondary school

PROJECT

"SCHOOL - A ZONE OF COMFORTABLE Wi-Fi"

Completed by: Tatiana Agzamova

9th grade student

Supervisor:

Petkevich A.M.

IT-teacher

S. Kudinovo, 2016

Introduction

Today it is difficult to imagine a modern school without access to the Internet, and in recent years the Internet has become much more accessible, and it has become more convenient to use it.

Modern schoolchildren are advanced people, whatever one may say. Every second student (including those in elementary school) has a more or less decent phone with Internet access, a multifunctional tablet, or even a sophisticated netbook. Children actively use the Internet: there you can find the answer to a difficult question from homework, and download an essay on a given topic, but there’s no need to talk about all sorts of “toys” on the Web.

An invaluable contribution to the comfort of using the World Wide Web was made by the emergence and widespread access via Wi-Fi, because thanks to this technology it became possible to use the fast Internet without tying yourself up with wires, which is especially important for mobile devices, which are provided to an increasing number of students at school.

However, will Wi-Fi help the learning process? The Internet gives schools the opportunity to use all the possibilities of interactive learning. A video can replace a boring story with a slide show. A presentation running simultaneously on many devices will give you the opportunity to focus on fixing your thoughts, and not just copying the teacher's speech. Test tasks performed on-line on sites provide an opportunity to quickly test your knowledge. Network access with Wi-Fi allows all students to solve educational problems in the classroom using netbooks and tablets.

Observations of students show that they often spend breaks with mobile devices in their hands. High school students listen to music, browse pages on various sites, younger teenagers play games. Among the students "resting on the phone" there is a group of guys who use wireless Internet. Given that the access daughters are in separate rooms, you can see how groups of teenagers concentrate in these rooms, disturbing teachers and other students.

To provide more comfortable conditions for students and teachers, I developed the project "School - Comfortable Wi-Fi Zone".

aim This work is to create a comfortable zone for using Wi-Fi at school.

Tasks:

Finding out what Wi-Fi is

Conducting a survey among students and teachers about the use of wireless Internet.

Creating a comfortable Wi-Fi zone at school

Hypothesis: comfortable Wi-Fi zone at the school will help to fulfill communication and cognitive needs

Stages of work on the project:

Theoretical studyWiFi

Influence studyWi- fi to health

Analysis of the use of schoolWi- fi. Conducting a survey among students and teachers

Development of the symbolism “School is a comfort zoneWi- fi»

Development of rules for using the comfort zone

Calculation of financial investments

Analysis of possible risks

Research methods :

literature analysis

questioning

generalization of material

The theoretical significance of my work lies in the fact that not all students know whatWi- fimaybe my work can help them with that.

The practical significance of my work lies in the fact that this project can be implemented at school by students, and the comfortable hona itself will contribute to the development of communicative and cognitive abilities.

What is WiFi?

The 21st century is the era of the information society. Computer technologies are steadily taking root in our lives. The development of technical means, computer, information technologies, information visualization tools, on the one hand, and the changes taking place in modern education, new approaches, theoretical and practical achievements in pedagogy, on the other hand, allow us to assert that there is a need to form a new culture of working with educational information.

The idea is quite clear: since educational institutions are already connected to the Web, it is necessary to make this service available not only in computer science classes. Despite the fact that not all students can afford 3-4G Internet access (400-500 rubles per month for a USB modem or Internet tablet), they still need to find useful data on the Web. It is no secret that in many educational institutions, even in large cities of the country, the signal of 3-4G networks from telecom operators is very weak. Walls interfere, and the relatively weak capacity of cellular networks that are allocated for data transmission.

It is believed that covering the entire school space with a Wi-Fi zone can help. First, let's define what is Wi-Fi?

The term "Wi-Fi" was originally coined as a play on words to attract the attention of the consumer by "hinting" to ( high fidelity - high accuracy). Although some WECA press releases initially included the phrase "Wireless Fidelity" ("wireless precision"), at the moment this wording has been abandoned, and the term "Wi-Fi" is not deciphered in any way.

At the dawn of the home Internet era, everyone hid arrays of wires as best they could. They were “sewn” into the plinth, fastened along the perimeter of the wall, packed in dust bags. In computer tables, there were even special holes for pulling a network cable. But with the popularization of Wi-Fi wireless technologies, the need to “encrypt” cables disappeared.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is not the Internet as such, but wireless digital data transmission format. In other words, this is a simple and affordable way to establish a connection between devices equipped with special radio modules (a laptop or other device equipped with a Wi-Fi connection) and the worldwide Internet, without using wires, sockets, city phones and similar outdated devices.. Wi-Fi modules are installed on the lion's share of electronics and equipment produced today. So, initially they were equipped only with wearable computers, mobile phones and handhelds, but recently cameras, printers and even multicookers have the ability to communicate with the global network and other devices.

In the Wi-Fi zone, connection is established immediately - you just need to turn on the computer.

O
A mandatory attribute for accessing the network via Wi-Fi is an access point. As usual, this role is played by a router - a device that looks like a compact box with antennas and a set of standard sockets for connecting wired Internet. The “box” itself is connected to the Internet via a twisted-pair wire, and through antennas it “distributes” data received from the network and transmits data transmitted from devices connected “over the air” to the network.

For the first time, they started talking about what Wi-Fi was in 1991, when the standards were just being tested. It was invented by W. Hayes in the Netherlands and was intended to equip commercial sectors with communications. Wireless technologies gained wide popularity only closer to 2010.

Thanks to its quick payback, Wi-Fi quickly penetrated airports, offices, government agencies, cafes, bars, hotels.

In our country the program of universal computerization continues to gain momentum and, as a result, more and more schools are equipped with zonesWi-Fi, including ours. Sincerely hoping that this will help the children in the educational process, provide access to useful and interesting information directly from the walls of the educational institution. Now there are a lot of opportunities that can be used in the presence of a global network: turn to electronic libraries, go to the website of the desired institution, exchange links, files.

The impact of Wi-Fi on human health

This device emits low frequency waves equal to 2.4 Hz. Consequently, scientists wondered - how serious can be the harm from Wi-Fi for people who are in its range? The answer was received by American scientists, who found that radio waves with a frequency of 0.5-2.4 Hz adversely affect a person. First of all, there is a powerful attack on the nervous system. Wi-Fi is especially harmful for a growing organism. In the United States, and then in the UK, they banned Wi-Fi in schools and preschools, as it harms the young body.

It is important to understand that the effect of radio waves emitted by broadband Internet access points is currently not fully understood. It is worth noting that WHO does not exclude the possibility of using a Wi-Fi network in educational institutions. We are talking about the fact that the installation of a large number of access points in a relatively small area can cause harm. Many residents of Russia and neighboring countries actively use the technology of wireless connection to the Internet at home and at work. Representatives of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation argue that the harm of wireless networks is greatly exaggerated. The main emphasis in this case is on the fact that all devices installed in schools and other educational institutions have appropriate safety certificates. According to recent studies, the level of exposure to Wi-Fi hotspots is significantly lower compared to radiation from mobile phones. However, a number of other countries are seriously considering banning the mass use of Wi-Fi technology in schools, kindergartens and places for children's leisure.

Health problems from the use of Wi-Fi have not yet surfaced. However, this is not a reason to conduct experiments on yourself and talk about its complete harmlessness.

The health agency notes that a person who spends a whole year in Wi-Fi coverage area will be exposed to about the same amount of radio waves as a 20-minute conversation on a mobile phone.

According to the parents of schoolchildren in one of the cities of Canada, with the advent of wireless Internet in schools, their children developed ailments, which include: itching, insomnia, memory impairment, headaches, palpitations, dizziness.

Requests to turn off WI-FI came from parents of students in fourteen Ontario schools. According to them, the deterioration in children's well-being began precisely from the moment the WI-FI wireless networks were deployed in educational institutions. In confirmation of the correctness of its conclusions and the dependence of the deterioration in the health of schoolchildren on the operation of wireless networks, the statement says that on weekends, when children are released from attending educational institutions, their condition improves significantly and they do not experience the above-described ailments.

Despite the intentions of some families to transfer their children to other schools, the management of the mentioned institutions did not react in any way to what was happening, and refused to dismantle the WI-FI equipment.

Meanwhile, American scientists who conducted research in the field of the impact on the human body of radiation at a frequency comparable to the frequency of WI-FI do not exclude the possibility of a negative impact of that very radiation on the well-being and health of a person. And although it is still too early to say with absolute certainty about the negative impact of WI-FI networks on health (much more time is required for full-scale studies), some American educational institutions have already decided to turn off WI-FI and switch to wired networks.

But this is in America, and in Russia the program of universal computerization continues to gain momentum and, as a result, more and more schools are equipped with zones WiFi.

Analysis of School Wi-Fi Usage

For a more complete picture of usageWi- fiIn our school, I conducted a survey in which 50 students took part.and 15 teachers (Appendix 1, Appendix 2)

The theoretical analysis of the results of the survey allowed us to draw disappointing conclusions that the majority of students who took part in the survey use school Wi-Fi not for educational purposes. At the same time, teachers use school Wi-Fi due to the lack of a wired connection in their classrooms.

Using mathematical and statistical methods, I analyzed the answers of students and teachers to the questions of the questionnaire. This work refers to theoretical research, and its practical significance is that it shows real data on the use of school Wi-Fi.

The studies I conducted among students in grades 5-11 of our school showed that out of 50 respondents, more than half use school Wi-Fi, while 27% (4 people) are teachers.

When finding out for what purposes they use it, it turned out that 62% of respondents use it to view various web pages, 25% download information, 13% spend time in on-line games. It is worth noting that students would use access to communicate in social networks if it were not for content filtering. Grades 10 and 11 download information the most, grades 5-7 are most passionate about games. Teachers use it for work: preparing for lessons, downloading information, watching demonstrations, etc.

When conducting a survey, it turned out that at home, 56% of students and 27% of teachers use the Internet connection using Wi-Fi, 34% of children and 67% of teachers use wired Internet, only 10% of students and 6% of teachers use modems of cellular operators . It is also noted that at home there are all ways to connect.

Answering the question about preferences, connecting to the Internet, 68% would like to connect using Wi-Fi, 24% of students answered that they prefer wired Internet because of the stability of the connection, and 8% chose modems of mobile operators (3- G, 4-G).

When asked about the advantages of Wi-Fi over other types of Internet, 76% of students noted a free access point, 24% - ease of use, when all teachers noted convenience.

Many students use school Wi-Fi for various purposes, but not everyone understands what Wi-Fi is. 15% of respondents honestly admitted that they could not say what Wi-Fi is. Unfortunately, 45% of respondents are sure that Wi-Fi is free Internet and only 40% answered that it is a wireless Internet access point.

96% of students note that they would like the school to have a special area for comfortable access.

P
After analyzing the results, all convenient places in the school were considered, based on the fact that the equipped area should be: easily accessible, safe and controlled. A zone was chosen on the ground floor between the locker rooms and a diagram of the future comfortable corner was drawn up (Appendix 3)

Financial support of the project

At the next stage, the financial support of the project was calculated taking into account the information provided by the Deputy Director for the administrative and economic part:

The cost of the project can be reduced by making benches and tables for technology classes, or by eliminating carpet and blackboards.

The school annually holds school charity fairs, so you can use the proceeds to fund the project.

At the next stage of work, I suggested to my classmates to draw the emblem of the "School - comfort zoneWi- fi". (Appendix 4), Rules for using the comfort zone were also developed. (Annex 5)

Conclusion

Wi- fiin a modern school is necessary for both teachers and students. It allows you to immediately find the necessary information on the network without resorting to desktop computers.

It is important to understand that the effect of radio waves emitted by broadband Internet access points is currently not fully understood. Therefore, do not spend much time in the zonesWi- fi. That is, use access points wisely.

comfort zone Wi-Fi will help the children in the educational process, provide access to useful and interesting information directly from the walls of the educational institution. Students using the zone will be able to conveniently communicate, discuss the necessary information.

Appendix 1

Questionnaire for students:

no.

download information;

play online games;

communicate in social networks;

other.

wired;

WiFi;

wired;

modems of cellular operators (3-G, 4-G)

5. What advantages of Wi-Fi over other types of Internet would you choose as key:

free hotspot

convenient to use

it's practical

other

6. What is Wi-Fi from your point of view?

7. Would you like the school to have a special Wi-Fi zone

no.

Appendix 2

Questionnaire for teachers:

1. Do you use school Wi-Fi?

no.

2. If so, what do you use school Wi-Fi for?

download information;

conduct on-line testing;

prepare for lessons;

other.

3. What kind of internet do you have at home?

WiFi

wired;

modems of cellular operators (3-G, 4-G)

4. What method of connection to the Internet do you prefer?

WiFi;

wired;

modems of cellular operators (3-G, 4-G)

5. Would you like the school to have a dedicated Wi-Fi zone?

no.

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

Emblem sketches

Appendix 5

MOU Kudinovskaya secondary school offer teachers and students the opportunity to use the wireless Internet. To do this, you must have a mobile phone, netbook or laptop with Wi-Fi support and be in a special comfort zone marked with a Wi-Fi sign. The use of the network is free for everyone.

The rules are developed in accordance with Law of the Russian Federation "On information, information technologies and information protection"

RULES OF USE OF COMFORT ZONE Wi-Fi

Gaining access to the network

The network access key is posted on a special stand with information.

Access to the network is carried out on weekdays during breaks from 9.15 to 15.30. At school hours, access is possible for individual students (classes) after agreement with the school administration

Internet access is controlled by built-in content filtering.

The computer science teacher turns off the access point during lessons and after school hours.

The class on duty exercises control over discipline in the comfort zone.

School teachers do not provide services for setting up user equipment .

How to use the network

Users are responsible for protecting their equipment from viruses, spyware and other threats.

Users are prohibited from taking actions aimed at disrupting the operation of the network, equipment of other users, etc.

It is forbidden to use the Internet to view and download malicious programs, computer games and any materials that are contrary to the laws of the Russian Federation.

It is forbidden to use the network during school hours.

It is forbidden to violate the rules of internal order, discipline.

More than 20,000 access points to wireless Internet will be connected in the capital's schools this year, and in 2018 their number will reach 60,000.

One of the world's largest Wi-Fi networks for educational institutions will be created in Moscow. Until the end of this year, 646 schools in the capital will have access to wireless Internet, and in 2018, an additional 1,125 buildings are planned to be connected to Wi-Fi.

As noted in the Department of Information Technologies of the city of Moscow, in 2016, as part of a pilot project, a wireless network was deployed in 69 schools. There appeared 2.3 thousand hot spots - access points to Wi-Fi. This made it possible to provide high-quality communication there for conducting interactive lessons. In 2017, another 20.5 thousand hot spots will be added.

It is planned that in 2018 the network will include 60,000 wireless Internet access points in 1,840 city schools. An average of 32 hot spots will be installed in one building. Up to 30 devices can connect to each point at the same time.

« When the Moscow school Wi-Fi space is fully formed, it will become one of the world's largest wireless Internet networks in educational institutions. There is a similar project to unite several thousand schools into a single Internet space in Turkey,” the IT department said.

In Russia, a similar project with connection to the WI-Fi network of 1,600 educational institutions (8 thousand wireless access points) is being implemented in Kazan.

Today, all Moscow schools have wired broadband internet. In addition, each building has two or three Wi-Fi access points. But they do not provide coverage for all classrooms.

To access the network, students and teachers will need to enter logins and passwords from the electronic diary (magazine).

Content filtering will be provided by the telecom operator. Today, this filtering system is already in place in all schools.

Many of us are wondering - how to connect to wifi without knowing the password? For any action, there is always a reaction. This also applies to password-protected wi-fi networks. Protection methods are becoming more complex, but with them the ways by which this protection can be bypassed also evolve. Today we will teach you how to connect to wifi without knowing the password!

3 options to connect to wi-fi without knowing the password

In practice, there are 3 main approaches to obtaining someone else's password from wi-fi - this is password guessing, obtaining a password using phishing and interception. Next, we will look at the 3 most common options for hacking someone else's wi-fi.

Attention!!! Before hacking a wi-fi, be sure to make sure that it does not belong to government and financial institutions (police, ceriums, utilities, banks), hacking such a network can lead to criminal liability.

Wi-Fi password guessing

Hacking someone else's wi-fi by guessing a password is possible! For starters, you should try the most obvious combinations, such as for example: 12345678, 87654321, qwerty, etc. Although this is the most banal way, but as practice shows, such passwords are quite common, many users do not particularly bother when setting a password and enter the simplest values (so as not to forget).
If this option does not work, then you can try special programs that will pick up the password automatically, for example, WiFICrack. This program is completely free and helps to get a password in most cases.

Step-by-step instruction:

First, run the WifiCrack.exe file.
We put a tick on the networks that need to be hacked.
Click Next.
Next, we load the file with the dictionary, which can be found in the archive with the program. To connect it, you need to mark the file with the corresponding checkmark.
When everything is ready, you can press start.
If he still manages to guess the password, then at the end of the work a file called Good.txt will appear in the program directory. It will contain the names of the hacked networks and their passwords.

Interception and cracking of the password from wi-fi

Another effective hacking method is the interception and decryption of melon data. This operation is quite complicated and requires the user to have a high level of knowledge in computer technology, as well as special software. This method is as follows: a connection request from your device (smartphone or PC) goes to the router, even if the connection failed, the router continues to exchange data with your device. And this data contains the password from the router. It turns out that if this data is intercepted and decrypted, then you can find out the password.

is an operating network (program) designed specifically for hacking and intercepting data from wireless networks with wep / wpa protection.

Step-by-step instruction:

Unpack the downloaded archive to a flash drive.
Run the bootinst.bat file.
After the download is complete, you will have a ready-made bootable USB flash drive.
Press the combination Alt + F1, in the menu that appears, select AiroScript.
Select the wireless adapter you want to hack from the list. If only one device is displayed, then press the key 1 + Enter. If more, then you need to choose the appropriate option from the list provided.
We select the “Automatic” mode from the list of commands, the program will automatically guess WEP passwords and intercept handshakes of WPA networks.

Phishing. We get the password from wi-fi by forgery.

Phishing- this is when the owner of the router is forced to give out a password through various deceptive tricks.

Phishing attacks are often carried out through social networks or email, but in the case when you need to find out the password for Wi-Fi, even the most naive will find it strange to ask for the password from the network in an email. To carry out the attack more successfully, you can force the user to connect to an artificial access point that you created with the same name as the original.

First, the so-called “tuning” of your computer takes place, HTTP and HTTPS are configured, as well as a search for various wireless interfaces, which are most often represented by wlan0 and wlan1 networks, then one of these interfaces switches, it goes into monitoring mode and subsequently displays additional IP addresses using DHCP services. Subsequently, the program displays a list of access points of the victim, one of them can be selected for the attack.

is a program for automating phishing attacks over a Wi-Fi network.

Phishing process with Wifiphisher:

Disconnect clients from the real access point.
Next, the Wi-Fi adapter will automatically configure itself into the "access point" mode, the name and network address will be copied.
Then the DHCP server will be automatically configured.
The program will give the “victim” a page disguised as an update to the firmware of the access point, where the network password will be subsequently entered.

In addition to automatic mode, it has a text interface for the operator.

There is only a moral aspect to connecting to someone else's wi-fi, if you think that doing this is bad, then just don't do it! In other cases, it is almost impossible to calculate you. Let's say that 80% of users will not even look at who is connected to their wi-fi, 10% will look, but they will not understand anything, and the remaining 10% will find and block all devices that were connected to the network illegally. Your address is not in the connections, there is only IP, it does not say anything, the MAC address also cannot give out your location and the name of your device.

Where can children access via school wi-fi?

The Internetization of schools is no longer only connecting computers on desks to the World Wide Web. Many schools (first of all, of course, metropolitan ones) make their squares “territory of open wi-fi”, where any student can access the Internet from his smartphone or tablet.

MK found out who is responsible and how it ensures the safety of the school Internet, protecting children from porn, pedophiles, sectarians, extremists and other evil spirits.

The Department of Information Technologies of Moscow told us that in the capital there are already about 1,500 schools with internal wi-fi networks. Today, the protection of schoolchildren from harmful Internet information lies on the shoulders of the educational institution. What information children need to be protected from is spelled out in the "Methodological recommendations for restricting students' access to the Internet", sent by the Ministry of Education and Science to schools in 2014.

In the schools of our complex, there is wired Internet everywhere, and in the building on Bolshaya Akademicheskaya - even the so-called "seamless Wi-Fi". The entire territory is covered with the network, and students can use it freely with their smartphones and tablets, - says the director of gymnasium No. 1579 Inna Maevskaya. - We do not prevent our students from using it freely - we only make sure that children do not poke at the screens right in the lesson. And this, of course, is a safe Internet!

School Internet security starts with the ISP that provides the school with access to the Net. The first line of defense - filtering sites according to the all-Russian banned list of Roskomnadzor - excludes terrorist, sectarian, drug addict, suicidal and other resources. This is done by the provider for any users: schools, individuals, and all others.

At the same time, ordinary citizens-clients are not blocked from accessing porn sites, gambling and much more, which does not violate the law. But for schools, all this needs to be filtered and cut off, - Alexey Morozov, technical director of a large provider company that provides access to the Network to dozens of schools, told MK. - This is done by special filter programs that monitor millions of sites and characterize them according to their own algorithms for the degree of danger to children. Students on their smartphones and tablets fill in a website in the address bar, this request passes through a filter program that either allows it to be opened or not.

- Does the school or the provider do it?

There are both options. The end result is important - the protection of schoolchildren from harmful Internet information. But it can be achieved in various ways. Our client schools prefer to have the filtering software on our DNS server so they don't get headaches. And some schools consider themselves advanced and receive traffic without restrictions - filter programs are installed directly at the school, and local IT specialists can flexibly configure them.

So-called web proxies are popular for bypassing filters. By typing this word in the search, you will see a huge list of proxy sites through which you can get to those sites that are closed. Do tricks like this work in school?

Web proxies, anonymizers, TOR browser and various tunnel services are blocked. But in principle, if a student goes through one web proxy after another, it is possible that he will stumble upon working ones. Protection is effective, but not one hundred percent.

At the same time, internal control over protection allows the school, if necessary, to reduce its severity.

We, for example, have blocked social networks - VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter, - says Igor Pluzhnikov, head of the IT department of gymnasium No. 1576. - But if one of the teachers needs to find or download something there, then at his request we can easily reduce the level of protection for a while.

The logic of different filter programs is different. After testing two of them, the most commonly used in schools (NetPolice and Internet Censor), we were surprised to find that one of them banned the MK site, and the other did not ... Both banned the well-known Google translator service at translate. google.com - this service some time ago became famous for the fact that Internet users discovered a hidden, “undocumented” function in it: it worked as a web proxy - if you fill in a blocked site in the translation field, then it opens through it. But through other web proxies, both watchdogs made it possible to open porn resources.

However, in the regions, the problem of filtering access to the Network in schools is often solved using the “white list” method. At school, a local IT specialist configures filters on computers or access points only to skip sites (usually educational resources), the names of which are manually included by him in the allowed list. Such an Internet is fundamentally more secure, but extremely limited even for purely educational purposes, not to mention entertainment during the break. After all, there are only a few hundred sites on the list, plus most of them have not too outstanding informational value.

For example, schools in the Kursk region use a "white list" from the local regional committee of education and science.

There are 1256 sites in this list, most of which are cognitive and educational - dedicated to school subjects, olympiads, exams, admission to universities, publishing houses of textbooks, etc., - Svetlana Apenina, director of the regional budgetary institution Information and Analytical Center, told us created for the introduction of new information and analytical technologies in the education system of the Kursk region.

Having combed the Kursk "white list" diagonally, we found a lot of oddities there. For example, for some reason there is no Wikipedia in it, although there is its much less popular Russian "analogue" "Wikiknowledge". The latest news on the resource about astronautics is dated 2007, it is not clear why the list of sites for Kursk schools wormed its way into ... an Internet provider from Yaroslavl, an apartment renovation site, etc. That is, it is obvious that, using the "white list" system, it needs to be refreshed and expanded more often.

P.S. Actually, a reasonable question may arise: why should a school filter Internet access via wi-fi, if every student has a SIM card in a smartphone and tablet, with which he will go wherever he wants without wi-fi, albeit not for free. It's simple: the school is obliged to do everything in its area of responsibility. Outside this zone, the responsibility of parents begins, who must independently control their child's walks on the World Wide Web - from a home computer, smartphone or tablet. There are home and mobile controls and access restrictions - everyone can use them.