International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. Certificates. Requirements Information

EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION

ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE ET MEDITERRANEENNE POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES

EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE ORGANIZATION

04/11437

Translation N 6

OFFICIAL EPPO TRANSLATIONS OF

INTERNATIONAL PHYTOSANITARY TEXTS

TRADUCTIONS OFFICIELLES DES TEXTES

PHYTOSANITAIRES INTERNATIONAUX

OFFICIAL EPPO TRANSLATIONS

INTERNATIONAL PHYTOSANITARY TEXTS

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES

ISPM№ 15

GUIDELINES FOR REGULATING WOOD PACKAGING MATERIAL IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

NORMES INTERNATIONALES POUR LES MESURES PHYTOSANITAIRES

NIMP # 15

DIRECTIVES POUR LA RÉGLEMENTATION DE MATÉRIAUX D "EMBALLAGE Á BASE DE BOIS DANS LE COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES

ISPM No. 15

(Russian text / Texte en russe / Text in Russian)

2004-09

OEPP / EPPO

1 rue le Nôtre

75016 PARIS

Publication No. 15

March 2002

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures

REGULATORY GUIDE FOR WOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS

Rome, 2002

The designations used and the presentation of materials in this publication do not imply the expression of anyone's opinion on behalf of the Food Organization and agriculture The UN regarding the legal status of a country, territory, city or region or their authorities, or regarding the demarcation of their borders.

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FAO 2002

Adoption

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs) are prepared by the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention as part of the Food and Agriculture Organization's World Food and Agriculture Organization's worldwide plant quarantine policy and technical assistance program. This program makes these standards, guidelines and recommendations available to both FAO Members and other stakeholders in order to harmonize phytosanitary measures at the international level in order to facilitate trade and avoid unnecessary measures that would constitute barriers to trade.

This standard was recognized by the Interim Commission on Phytosanitary Measures in March 2002.

Jacques Diouf

General manager

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Application

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs) are adopted by IPPC Contracting Parties and FAO Members that are not Contracting Parties through the Interim Commission on Phytosanitary Measures. ISPMs are standards, guidelines and recommendations recognized as the basis for phytosanitary measures applied by members of the World Trade Organization under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. Countries that are not contracting parties to the IPPC are encouraged to comply with these standards.

Revision and addition

International standards for phytosanitary measures are subject to periodic revision and addition. The next revision of this standard is due in 2007 or at another time at the discretion of the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures.

The standards will be updated and re-published as necessary. Users of the standard should ensure that they are using the latest version.

Distribution

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures are distributed by the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention to all FAO members as well as the executive / technical secretariats regional organizations on quarantine and plant protection:

Asian and Pacific Plant Protection Commission

Andinsky community

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization

Caribbean Plant Protection Commission

Inter-African Phytosanitary Council

International Regional Phyto-Agrosanitary Organization (for Central America)

Regional Phytosanitary Committee Kono Sur (for South America)

North American Plant Protection Organization

Pacific Plant Protection Organization

INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF APPLICATION

This standard describes the phytosanitary measures needed to reduce the risk of introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests carried with wood packaging materials (including dunnage) made from untreated softwood and hardwood and used in international trade.

LINKS

Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, 2003. ISPM No. 5, FAO, Rome.

International Plant Protection Convention , 1997. FAO, Rome.

Plant quarantine principles in connection with international trade th, 1995. ISPM No. 1. FAO, Rome

Guidelines for notification of non-compliance and emergency action, 2001. ISPM No. 13. FAO, Rome.

Guidelines for Phytosanitary Certificates, 2001. ISPM No. 12, FAO, Rome.

Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures , 1994. World Trade Organization, Geneva.

ISO 3166-1-ALPHA-2 CODE ELEMENTS

( http:// www. din. de/ gremien/ nas/ nabd/ iso3166 ma/ codlstp1/ ru_ listp1. html)

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Analysis	Formal non-visual inspection to detect or identify pests [FAO, 1990]

Pest risk analysis	The process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic data to determine the need for regulation of a pest and the severity of phytosanitary measures against it [FAO, 1990; revised, IPPC, 1997]

AFR	Pest Risk Analysis [FAO, 1995]

Identification (of the pest)	Pest detection during inspection or analysis of imported consignments [FAO; 1990; revised, KEFM, 1996]

cargo	A certain amount of plants, plant products and / or other materials moving from one country to another and accompanied (if necessary) by one phytosanitary certificate (the consignment can be composed of one or more goods or consignments) [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; revised by ICFM, 2001]

Wood

Bark-free wood	Wood from which all bark has been removed except for cambium, ingrown bark around knots and bark depressions between annual growth rings [ISPM 15, 2002]

Wood packaging materials	Wood or wood products (excluding paper products) used to support, protect or pack a product (including dunnage) [ISPM 15, 2002]

Contamination (of goods)	The presence in the product of a living organism harmful to a plant or plant product. Infection also includes infection. [KEFM, 1997; revised by CEFM, 1999]

Chamber drying	A process by which wood is dried indoors using heat and / or moisture control to achieve the required water content [ISPM 15, 2002]

Quarantine pest	A pest of potential economic importance for an endangered area, in which it is not yet present or present, but of limited distribution and is the object of official control [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997]

Fixing wood	Wood that is intended to secure or secure a product, but does not remain associated with the product itself [FAO, 1990; revised by ISPM 15, 2002]

Marking	An internationally recognized official seal or stamp on a regulated article certifying its phytosanitary status [ISPM 15, 2002]

Untreated wood	Wood that has not been processed or treated [ISPM 15, 2002]

NPPO	National Plant Protection Organization [FAO, 1995; VKFM, 2001]

Treatment	An officially approved procedure for the destruction, inactivation or removal of pests, or for their sterilization or devitalization [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; ISPM No. 15, 2002]

Debarking	Removal of bark from round wood (debarking does not necessarily mean that the wood is free of bark) [FAO, 1990]

Official	Established, authorized or executed by the National Plant Protection Organization [FAO, 1990]

Recycled wood material	A product composed of wood using glue, heat, pressure, or a combination of these methods [ISPM 15, 2002]

Regulated material	Any plant, plant product, storage location, packaging, vehicle, container, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harboring or promoting pests, for which phytosanitary measures are required, especially when it comes to international transport[FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997]

Herbal products	Unprocessed plant material (including grain), as well as processed products that, by their nature or the way they are processed, may pose a risk of introduction and spread of pests [FAO, 1990; revised by the IPPC, 1997]

Free from (about cargo, field or place of production)	Free of pests (or a specific pest) in quantities that can be detected using phytosanitary procedures [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; KEFM, 1999]

Certificate	An official document characterizing the phytosanitary state of a consignment subject to phytosanitary regulations [FAO, 1990]

Heat treatment	The process by which a product is heated to a minimum temperature for a minimum period of time in accordance with an officially recognized technical specification [ISPM 15, 2002]

product	The type of plant, plant product or other item moved for trade or other purposes [FAO, 1990; revised by ICFM, 2001]

Phytosanitary Measure (Interpretation Accepted)	Legislation, regulation or formal procedure to prevent the introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests, or to limit economic damage from regulated non-quarantine pests [FAO, 1995, revised by the IPPC, 1997; VKS, 2001] The accepted interpretation of the term phytosanitary measure takes into account the existing relationship between phytosanitary measures and regulated non-quarantine pests. This link is not sufficiently reflected in the definition given in Article II of the IPPC (1997)

Phytosanitary procedure	An officially prescribed method of applying phytosanitary regulations, including the conduct of inspection, analysis, surveillance or treatments for regulated pests [FAO, 1990; revised, FAO; 1995; KEFM, 1999; VKFM, 2001]

Phytosanitary regulation	An official rule to prevent the introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests or to limit economic damage from regulated non-quarantine pests, in particular - the establishment of procedures for phytosanitary certification [FAO, 1990; revised, FAO; 1995; KEFM, 1999; VKFM, 2001]

Phytosanitary action	A formal operation, such as inspection, analysis, surveillance or processing, undertaken to implement phytosanitary regulations or procedures [ICPM, 2001)

Fumigation	Treatment with a chemical that reaches a given product completely or mainly in a gaseous state [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995)

Chemical impregnation under pressure	Pressure treatment of wood with chemical preservatives in accordance with the official technical specification [ISPM N 15, 2002]

Emergency measure	A phytosanitary measure established in an emergency (emergency) procedure in a new or unexpected phytosanitary situation. An emergency measure may or may not be a temporary measure [VKFM, 2001, VKFM, 2005].

Emergency action	Urgent phytosanitary action taken in a new or unexpected phytosanitary situation [VKFM, 2001]

SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS

Wood packaging materials made from unprocessed wood are a pathway for the introduction and spread of pests. Since the origin of wood packaging materials is often difficult to determine, globally accepted measures are described to significantly reduce the risk of the spread of pests. NPPOs are encouraged to accept wood packaging materials for which approved measures have been applied without additional requirements. Such wood packaging material includes dunnage, but does not include recycled wood packaging material.

Procedures for verifying whether an approved measure has been applied, including the application of globally recognized markings, should be in place in both the exporting and importing countries. Other bilaterally agreed measures are also addressed in this standard. If wood packaging material does not meet the requirements of this standard, the NPPO can render it harmless in an approved manner.

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

1. Basis for regulation

Wood packaging materials are often made from fresh wood that has not been processed or processed sufficiently to remove or destroy pests, and thus becomes a pathway for the introduction and spread of pests. In addition, wood packaging materials are often reused, recycled or remanufactured (since packaging materials obtained from the import of one consignment may be reused when exporting other consignments). The true origin of the various pieces of wood packaging material is difficult to determine and as a result, their phytosanitary status cannot be reliably assessed. Therefore, a normal risk analysis process to determine if phytosanitary measures are necessary and how stringent they should be is often not possible for wood packaging materials as their origin and phytosanitary status may not be known. Therefore, this standard describes globally accepted measures that are approved and can be applied to wood packaging materials by all countries to practically eliminate the risk for most quarantine pests and significantly reduce the risk to other pests that may be associated with these materials.

Countries must have a technical justification to require the application of the approved measures described in this standard for imported wood packaging material. The requirement for the use of phytosanitary measures not included in those approved and described in this standard must also have a technical justification.

2. Regulated wood packaging materials

This guideline covers coniferous and deciduous unprocessed wood packaging materials that may serve as a pathway for plant pests that threaten primary living trees. These include wood packaging materials such as pallets, dunnage, sheathing, packing blocks, drums and spools, crates and boxes, loading scaffolds, pallet shells, skidders and props that can accompany almost any import, including those typically are not subject to phytosanitary inspection.

Wood packaging made entirely of wood-based materials such as plywood, particle board, structurally oriented boards (SOD) or plywood that have been manufactured using glue, heat or pressure, or a combination of these treatments, should be considered sufficiently recycled. to eliminate the risks associated with raw wood. They are unlikely to be contaminated with raw wood pests during use and therefore should not be regulated for these pests.

Wood packaging materials such as plywood veneer , sawdust, wood wool, wood chips and shavings, including twisted, or raw wood, sawn into thin parts cannot be introduced and spread by quarantine pests and should not be regulated except where technically justified.

3. Measures taken in relation to wood packaging materials

3.1. Approved measures

Any treatment, processing or combination of these that is highly effective against most pests should be considered effective in reducing the risk associated with wood packaging materials used in transport. The choice of a measure to be applied to wood packaging material should be based on the following considerations:

List of organisms that may be present

The effectiveness of the measure

Technical and / or commercial feasibility.

Approved measures should be taken by all NPPOs as the basis for authorizing the entry of wood packaging material without additional requirements, unless a pest has been identified and / or a PRA has been carried out for specific pests associated with certain types of wood packaging material. origin, it becomes clear that more stringent measures are required.

The approved measures are listed in.

Wood packaging materials to which these approved measures are to be applied must bear the special markings shown in.

The use of labeling reduces the difficulty of verifying compliance with wood packaging material treatments. Globally recognized, language-free markings facilitate the screening process at points of exit, points of entry and elsewhere.

3.2. Measures pending approval

Other treatments or processing of wood packaging material will be approved when proven to provide an acceptable level of phytosanitary protection (). The existing measures identified in are also continuing to be reviewed, and new research may lead, for example, to the use of new combinations of temperature and time. New measures can also reduce risk by modifying the properties of wood packaging materials. NPPOs should be aware of the possibility of adding or changing measures and have sufficient flexibility in the import requirements for wood packaging material to enact changes as they are approved.

3.3. Other measures

NPPOs may take any other measures not listed in Annex I through agreements with trading partners, especially in cases where the measures listed in cannot be implemented or verified in the exporting country. Such measures must be technically sound and comply with the principles of transparency, non-discrimination and equivalence.

NPPOs of importing countries should consider other arrangements for wood packaging material accompanying exports from other countries (or specific sources) if evidence is provided that the risk is adequately managed or absent (e.g. areas with a similar phytosanitary situation or free zones) ...

Certain movements of wood packaging material (eg, hardwood from tropical countries accompanying exports to temperate countries) may be considered non-pest risk by importing NPPOs and, as a result, exempt from the measures.

Subject to technical justification, countries may require imported wood packaging material subject to approved measures to be made from debarked wood, which must be reflected in the labeling shown in.

3.4. Revision of measures

The approved measures listed in, as well as the measures under consideration and listed in Annex III, should be revised based on new information provided to the Secretariat from the NPPO. This standard should be complemented by the ICPM accordingly.

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS

In pursuit of the goal of preventing the spread of pests, both exporting and importing countries should monitor compliance with this standard.

4. Fixing wood

Ideally, dunnage should be labeled in accordance with Annex II of this standard to demonstrate that it has been subjected to approved measures. Otherwise, it requires increased attention and should at least be made from debarked wood, free from pests and signs of the presence of living pests. In any other case, it must be returned or cleared in accordance with approved procedures (see section 6).

5. Procedures used before export

5.1 Conformity checks of measures used prior to export

The NPPO of the exporting country is responsible for ensuring that the export system complies with the requirements of this standard. This provision includes the control of certification and labeling systems that verify compliance, as well as the establishment of screening procedures (see also ISPM No. 7: Export certification system), registration or accreditation and audit commercial companies applying measures, etc.

5.2 Transit agreements

Where shipments in transit contain wood packaging material that does not meet the requirements for the application of approved measures, the NPPO of the country of transit has the right to require the application of measures in addition to those applied by the importing country in order to ensure that there is no unacceptable risk. from the side of these wood packaging materials.

6. Procedures for import

Regulation of wood packaging material requires NPPOs to have policies and procedures for new aspects of their wood packaging material responsibilities.

Since wood packaging material accompanies virtually all shipments, including those that are usually not subject to phytosanitary inspection, it is important to work with responsible agencies, organizations, etc., usually not involved in compliance with phytosanitary export conditions or import requirements. For example, cooperation with customs services should be reviewed to ensure effective detection of possible non-compliance of wood packaging material with the requirements of this standard. Cooperation with manufacturers of wood packaging materials also needs to be developed.

6.1 Remedies for non-compliance at point of entry

In the event that wood packaging material does not bear the required markings, action may be taken, unless current bilateral agreements provide otherwise. Such actions can be processing, neutralization or refusal of a pass. The NPPO of the exporting country may be notified (see ISPM 13: Guidelines for notification of non-compliance and emergency action). Where wood packaging materials are labeled as required but live pests have been detected and proven, action can also be taken. Such actions can be processing, neutralization or refusal of a pass. The NPPO of the exporting country should be notified when living pests are found and may be notified in other cases (see ISPM 13: Guidelines for notification of non-compliance and emergency action).

6.2 Neutralization

Decontamination of wood packaging material is a risk management option that can be used by the NPPO of the importing country upon the arrival of wood packaging material where treatment is not possible or desirable. The following methods recommended for those cases when the decontamination of wood packaging materials is required. Wood packaging materials requiring urgent action must be preserved prior to processing or disposal in such a way as to completely prevent the spread of pests from the moment they are detected until processing or disposal.

Incineration

Complete burning

Burial

Deep burial in places approved by the competent authorities. (Note: This decontamination option is not suitable for wood infested with termites.) The burial depth may depend on climatic conditions and the pest detected, but it is recommended that it be at least one meter. The material should be covered with earth immediately after burial and remain sealed thereafter.

Processing

Grinding or deeper processing as recommended by the NPPO of the importing country for the elimination of detected pests (for example, making structurally oriented boards - SOD).

Other methods

Any procedure considered by the NPPO to be effective against detected pests.

These methods should be applied with the least possible delay.

APPENDIX I

APPROVED MEASURES RELATED TO WOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS

Heat treatment (HT)

Wood packaging materials must be heated in accordance with a specific temperature-time schedule, which achieves heating of the deepest parts of the wood to at least 56ºC for at least 30 minutes .

Chamber drying (KD), chemical pressure impregnation (CPI), and other treatments can be considered heat treatments (HT) insofar as they meet HT specifications. For example, CPI can meet HT specification by using steam, hot water, or dry heat.

Heat drying is indicated by the HT marking (see Appendix II).

Fumigation of wood packaging materials with methyl bromide (MB)

Wood packaging materials must be treated with methyl bromide. Processing is indicated by the MB marking. The minimum rates for methyl bromide fumigation of wood packaging material should be as follows:

Temperature	Dose	Minimum concentration (g / m³) at:
Temperature	Dose	0.5 hour	2 hours	4 hours	16 hours
21ºC or higher
16ºC or higher
11ºC or higher

The minimum temperature should be at least 10ºC, and the minimum exposure time should be 16 hours .

List of the most dangerous pests destroyed by heat treatment and fumigation with methyl bromide

The following groups of pests associated with wood packaging materials are almost completely eliminated by heat treatment and fumigation with methyl bromide, carried out in accordance with the above specifications:

Bostrichidae

Buprestidae

Cerambycidae

Curculionidae

Isoptera

Lyctidae(with some exceptions for NT)

Oedemeridae

Scolytidae

LABELING FOR APPROVED MEASURES

The markings below certify that the wood packaging material bearing this mark has been subject to the approved measures.

The marking should at least include:

Symbol

Two-digit ISO country code followed by an individual number given by the NPPO to the wood packaging material manufacturer who is responsible for the use suitable wood and providing appropriate labeling

Abbreviation given by the IPPC in accordance with Annex I of the applied approved measure (e.g. HT, MV)

NPPOs, manufacturers or suppliers may, at their discretion, add reference numbers or other information to identify specific lots. Where debarking is required, the abbreviation DB must be added to the abbreviations for approved measures. Other information may also be included as long as it is not confusing, deceptive or false.

The marking should be:

Corresponding to the above model

Easy to read

Permanent and not portable

Located in a conspicuous place, preferably on at least two opposite sides of the material to be certified.

The use of red and orange should be avoided as they are used in the labeling of dangerous goods.

Recycled, remanufactured and repaired wood packaging materials must be re-checked and labeled. All components of these materials must be processed.

MEASURES CONSIDERED FOR APPROVAL UNDER THIS STANDARD

Processing which are being considered and which can be approved when a reasonable basis is obtained include, but are not limited to:

Fumigation

Phosphine

Sulfuryl fluoride

Carbonyl sulfide

Chemical pressure impregnation (CPI)

Alternating high pressure and vacuum processing

Double vacuum treatment

Hot and cold working at normal pressure

Juice replacement method

Irradiation

Gamma irradiation

X-rays

Microwave

Infrared irradiation

Electron beam treatment

Controlled atmosphere

For more information on international standards, guidelines and recommendations for phytosanitary measures and a complete list of current publications, please contact:

WITH secretariat M the international TO Conventions by TO arantin and Z protect R asthenia

By mail:	IPPC Secretariat Plant Protection Service Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome, Italy	IPPC Secretariat Plant Protection Service Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome, Italy
Fax:	+39-06-570.56347
Email address:	[email protected]
Web site	http://www.ippc.int

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES (ISPM)

International Plant Protection Convention, 1997. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 1: Principles of plant quarantine in relation to international trade, 1995. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 2: Guidelines for pest risk analysis, 1996. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 3: Conduct for the import and release of exotic biological control agents, 1996. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 4: Requirements for the establishment of pest free zones, 1996. FAO, Rome.

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures

Transit cargo

INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF APPLICATION

This standard (ISPM No. 25) describes procedures for the identification, assessment and management of pest risk associated with consignments of regulated articles that pass through a country without being imported, and should be implemented in such a way that any phytosanitary measures applied in the transit country are technically reasonable and necessary to prevent the introduction of pests into a given country and / or their spread on its territory. Approved by the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures in April 2006

Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests, including environmental risk analysis and risk posed by living modified organisms, 2004. ISPM No. 11, FAO, Rome. Glossary of phytosanitary terms, 20061. ISPM No. 5, FAO, Rome. International Plant Protection Convention, 1997. FAO, Rome. Pest reporting, 2002. ISPM No. 17, FAO, Rome.

Guidelines for a phytosanitary import regulatory system, 2004. ISPM No. 20, FAO, Rome. Guidelines for search, 2005. ISPM No. 23, FAO, Rome.

Guidelines for pest risk analysis, 19962. ISPM No. 2, FAO, Rome. Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates, 2001. ISPM No. 12, FAO, Rome.

Guidelines for the notification of non-compliance and emergency action, 2001. ISPM No. 13. FAO, Rome.

DEFINITIONS

Definitions of phytosanitary terms used in this standard can be found in ISPM No. 5 (Glossaries of phytosanitary terms).

SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS

International trade may involve the movement of consignments of regulated articles that pass through a country without being imported, under the control of customs3. This movement may pose a phytosanitary risk to the country of transit. IPPC Contracting Parties may apply measures to consignments in transit through their territories (Article VII.1c and VII.2g IPPC, 1997) if these measures are technically justified and necessary to prevent the introduction and / or spread of pests (Article VII. 4 IPPC, 1997).

This International Standard provides guidance by which the National Quarantine Organization

The NPPO of the transit country can decide which movement requires the NPPO to intervene and apply phytosanitary measures and, if necessary, establish the type of phytosanitary measures needed. For such cases, the obligations and elements of the transit system are described along with an indication of the need for cooperation and communication, non-discrimination, revision and documentation.

BACKGROUND

Consignments in transit and the means of transport carrying them are accounted for in the scope of the IPPC in Article VII and Article I.

Article VII. 1 states: “In order to prevent the introduction and / or spread of regulated

1 The original ISPM No. 25, 2006 refers to the 2006 FAO Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms. Since then, the Glossary has been revised and its latest version (2007) was translated into Russian in January 2008 (see EPPO document No. 08/14075 - translation No. 34) (EPPO note).

2 The original ISPM No. 25, 2006 refers to ISPM No. 2, 1996. Since then, this standard has been revised and approved in 2007 under the title “Framework for pest risk analysis” (see EPPO document No. 08/14145 - translation No. 36) (EPPO note).

3 Customs procedures that cover all aspects customs legislation, including Appendix E1 on customs transit and Appendix E2 on transhipment, are harmonized in the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures, also known as the 1973 Kyoto Convention.

organisms into their territory, the contracting parties have the sovereign right to regulate ... and to this end they can. prohibit or restrict the entry of regulated pests into their territory. "

Article VII. 4 states: “Contracting parties may apply the measures listed in this article to consignments in transit through their territories only if they are technically justified and necessary to prevent the introduction and spread of pests.”

Article I. 4 establishes: “If necessary, the provisions of this Convention may be considered by the contracting parties as provisions that apply, in addition to plants and plant products, to stores, packaging, vehicles, containers, soil and to any other organism, object or material that can serve as a hiding place for pests or contribute to their spread, especially when it comes to international transport. "

Transit refers to the movement of consignments of regulated articles that pass through a country (hereinafter referred to as the “transit country”) without being imported. Consignments in transit represent a potential pathway for the spread of pests due to their introduction and / or spread in the country of transit.

Consignments in transit can pass through the country of transit, remaining closed and, if necessary, sealed, not divided into parts or mixed with other consignments, and also without changing the packaging. Under such conditions, the movement of consignments will not, in many cases, pose a pest risk and will not require phytosanitary measures, especially if the consignments are transported in sealed containers4. However, even under such conditions, contingency plans may be necessary to deal with contingencies, such as if an accident occurs during transit.

Consignments and their means of transport passing through a country may, however, also be transported or loaded in such a way that they pose a pest risk to that country. This can be, for example, in the case when the transported goods are more open than closed, or when they do not pass directly through the country, but are held for a period of storage, or divided into parts, mixed or repackaged, as well as if the means of transport changes. (for example, from a ship to railroad). In such cases, phytosanitary measures may be applied in the country of transit to

4 A standard, fully enclosed and secure shipping container typically used for maritime trade.

preventing the introduction of harmful organisms into a given country and / or their spread on its territory.

It should be noted that the term “transit” is not only used for phytosanitary purposes, but is also the common name for the standard procedure for goods transported under the control of Customs. Customs controls may include document checks, tracing (eg electronic) situations, sealing, carrier checks and entry and exit checks. Customs control by itself is not intended to guarantee the phytosanitary integrity and security of consignments, and thus does not provide protection against the introduction and / or spread of pests.

Transhipment is a special aspect of transporting goods between countries. It involves the movement of goods from one vehicle (means of transportation) to another (for example, from ship to ship in a port) during transportation. Usually, transshipment takes place under the control of the customs service in the area established by the customs. Transhipment may take place in the country of transit and is therefore considered within the scope of this standard.

REQUIREMENTS

1. RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE COUNTRY OF TRANSIT

Risk analysis for consignments in transit should be simplified by sharing relevant pest risk analysis (PRA) information already obtained and / or developed by one or both NPPOs of the importing and exporting parties. 1.1 Definition of risk

In order to determine the potential pest risk for consignments in transit, the NPPO of the country of transit (hereinafter “NPPO”) should collect and analyze relevant information.

This information may include the following elements:

Procedures applied by customs and other competent authorities;

Classes of goods or regulated articles transported in transit, as well as their country of origin;

Means and methods of transportation of transit cargo;

Regulated pests associated with consignments in transit;

Distribution of host plants in the transit country;

Transit route data in the transit country;

Possibility of penetration of harmful organisms out of the cargo;

Existing phytosanitary measures for consignments of goods in transit;

Types of packaging;

Transportation conditions (refrigeration, changed atmosphere, etc.).

The NPPO may decide that a consignment in transit does not pose a potential pest risk, for example, if there are no pests associated with the consignment in transit that are regulated by the country of transit, and then the consignment can move or

continue to travel without phytosanitary procedures.

The NPPO may also determine that a consignment in transit poses a minor pest risk and may move or continue to move without phytosanitary procedures, for example, if the vehicles or packaging are completely closed, sealed and safe, or if the pest is regulated by the country of transit but penetrates outward from transit cargo is unlikely.

If a potential phytosanitary risk is identified, a risk assessment is required for specific pests or commodities in transit in order to establish the need and technical justification for any phytosanitary measures.

Only those phytosanitary risks that are associated with pests regulated by the country of transit or those pests that are subject to emergency action in that country should be considered. 1.2 Risk assessment

A pest risk assessment associated with a transit route should generally focus only on assessing the potential for the introduction or spread of pests from consignments in transit. Related potential economic consequences should have been previously assessed for existing regulated pests and therefore should not be repeated.

Guidance on assessing the potential for the introduction and spread of pests is given in ISPM No. 11 (2004, Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests, including an analysis of environmental risks and risks posed by living modified organisms), in particular section 2.2. For consignments in transit, the following information may also be useful:

The routes of spread of regulated pests due to their introduction with consignments in transit and / or spread from these consignments;

The mechanism of dispersal and mobility of the considered pests;

Means of transport (for example, truck, train, plane, ship, etc.);

Phytosanitary vehicle safety (eg closed, sealed vehicle, etc.);

Availability and type of packaging;

Change of cargo configuration (for example, mixed, divided into parts, repackaged cargo);

Duration of transit or storage, as well as storage conditions;

The route provided for the cargo to the transit country and on its territory;

Frequency, volume and season of transit.

If the NPPO has identified a pest risk through risk assessment, pest risk management options may be considered. 1.3 Risk Management Assessment

Based on the results of the risk assessment, consignments in transit can be classified by the NPPO into two broad categories in terms of risk management assessment:

Transit not requiring further phytosanitary measures, or

Transit requiring further phytosanitary measures.

Additional guidance on risk management assessment is provided in ISPM No. 11 (Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests, including environmental risk analysis and risk posed by living modified organisms, 2004).

1.3.1 Transit not requiring further phytosanitary measures

Through a pest risk assessment, the NPPO can determine that customs control is sufficient. In this case, the NPPO should not apply any phytosanitary measures in addition to customs controls.

1.3.2 Transit requiring further phytosanitary measures

A risk assessment for consignments in transit may lead to the decision that specific phytosanitary measures are needed, which may include the following:

Verification of cargoes for authenticity or integrity (additional guidance is given in ISPM No. 23 - "Guidelines for inspection");

Phytosanitary accompanying documents (eg transit permit);

Phytosanitary certificates (with transit requirements);

The specified points of entry and exit;

Checking the export of cargo;

Mode of transportation and specified transit routes;

Configuration change rules (e.g. mixing, splitting, repackaging);

Use of equipment or facilities prescribed by the NPPO;

Custom installations recognized by the NPPO;

Phytosanitary treatments (for example, pre-loading treatments, treatments where the integrity of the consignment is questionable);

Tracking cargo during transit;

Physical conditions (e.g. refrigeration, pest impermeable packaging and / or vehicle to prevent pests from entering outside of the consignment);

Use of special NPPO seals for vehicles or cargo;

Special plans of actions of the carrier in case of an emergency;

Temporary or seasonal transit restrictions;

Additional, in relation to the requirements of customs, documentation;

NPPO inspection of consignments;

Packaging;

Waste destruction.

Such phytosanitary measures should only be applied to pests regulated by the country of transit, or to those pests that are subject to emergency action in that country.

1.3.3 Other phytosanitary measures

In the event that suitable phytosanitary measures for consignments in transit are unavailable or impossible to apply, the NPPO may require the consignments to be subject to the same import requirements, which may include a ban.

If consignments in transit are stored or repackaged in such a way that they result in a pest risk, the NPPO may decide that the consignments should meet import requirements or should be subjected to other adequate phytosanitary measures.

2. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE TRANSIT SYSTEM

A Contracting Party may develop a transit system for phytosanitary control of consignments in transit in cooperation with the NPPO, Customs and other competent authorities in its country. The purpose of such a transit system is to prevent the introduction into the transit country and / or the spread in its territory of regulated pests associated with transit goods and vehicles transporting them. Transit systems are built on the basis of the main regulatory provisions of phytosanitary legislation, regulations and procedures. The transit system is managed by the NPPO, customs and other competent authorities, with the necessary cooperation, and should ensure that prescribed phytosanitary measures are followed.

The NPPO is responsible for the phytosanitary aspects of the transit system and establishes and enforces the phytosanitary measures necessary to manage pest risk, taking into account the transit procedures of the Customs.

3. MEASURES IN CASE OF NON-CONFORMITY AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

The transit system may include measures established by the NPPO in the event of non-compliance and emergencies(for example, accidents in the country of transit that could lead to the unexpected release of regulated pests from the consignment in transit). ISPM No. 13 (Guidelines for the notification of non-compliance and emergency action, 2001) contains specific instructions for the country of transit to issue notifications of non-compliance for the exporting country and, if necessary, for the country of destination.

4. COOPERATION

AND INTERNAL COMMUNICATION

Cooperation between the NPPO, customs and other authorities (e.g. port authorities) is integral to establishing and / or maintaining effective system transit and identification of transit cargo of regulated articles. As a result, the NPPO may need a special agreement with Customs to obtain information and access to consignments under Customs control.

The NPPO can also establish cooperation and liaison with all stakeholders involved in transit as needed.

5. NO DISCRIMINATION

Consignments in transit should not be subject to more restrictive phytosanitary measures than those applied to consignments of identical phytosanitary status imported into that country of transit.

6. REVISION

The NPPO should review and adjust the transit system, the types of consignments in transit and the associated phytosanitary risks as necessary, cooperating as necessary with the relevant competent authorities and stakeholders.

7. DOCUMENTATION

Any transit system must be adequately described and documented.

Phytosanitary requirements, restrictions and prohibitions for consignments in transit should be made available upon request to any contracting party or parties that may be directly affected by these measures.

EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION

ORGANIZATION EUROPEENNE ET MEDITERRANEENNE POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES

EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE ORGANIZATION

05/11589

Translation No. 12

OFFICIAL EPPO TRANSLATIONS OF

INTERNATIONAL PHYTOSANITARY TEXTS

TRADUCTIONS OFFICIELLES DES TEXTES

PHYTOSANITAIRES INTERNATIONAUX

OFFICIAL EPPO TRANSLATIONS

INTERNATIONAL PHYTOSANITARY TEXTS

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES

ISPM No. 12

GUIDELINES FOR PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATES

NORMES INTERNATIONALES POUR LES MESURES PHYTOSANITAIRES

NIMP # 12

DIRECTIVES POUR LES CERTIFICATS PHYTOSANITAIRES

ISPM No. 12

(Russian text / Texte en russe / Text in Russian)

2005-02

OEPP / EPPO

1 rue le Nôtre

75016 PARIS

Publication no. 12

May 2001

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES

PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE GUIDE

Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention

FOOD ORGANIZATION AND

AGRICULTURE UN

Rome, 2001

The designations used and the presentation of materials in this publication do not imply the expression of anyone's opinion on behalf of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations regarding the legal status of a country, territory, city or region or their authorities, or regarding the demarcation of their borders.

All rights reserved. Reproduction and distribution of material from this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is permitted without prior written permission from the copyright holders, provided the source is named in full. Reproduction of material from this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without the written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission must be sent to the Head of Publications Management, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization's Information Section, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy, or by email to: [email protected]

FAO 2001

ISPM No. 16: Regulated Non-Quarantine Pests: Concept and Application, 2002. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 17: Pest reporting, 2002. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 18: Guidelines for the Use of Irradiation as a Phytosanitary Measure, 2003. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 19: Guide to Lists of Regulated Pests, 2003. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 20: Guidelines for a Phytosanitary Import Regulatory System, 2004. FAO, Rome.

ISPM No. 21: Pest Risk Analysis for Regulated Non-Quarantine Pests, 2004. FAO, Rome.

International Standards for Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) can be downloaded from International Portal for Phytosanitary.

——————————-

In the original ISPM No. 12 2001, a reference is made to the 1999 FAO Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms. In the 2003 version of the Glossary existing at the time of translation, a number of terms previously included are missing. These terms are not included in this translation. The definition of many other terms has changed significantly. This translation provides definitions of terms from the current Glossary (see EPPO document no. 04/11182 - translation no. 2) (EPPO note)

ICPM - Interim Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (EPPO note)

CEFM - Expert Committee on Phytosanitary Measures (EPPO Note)

VKS - Interim Standards Committee (EPPO Note)

Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates ISPM No.12 Rome, 2001

LLC "AZL" has a License for the right to produce wooden containers for export, namely to carry out work on the processing of wooden containers by the thermal method HT in full compliance with the international standard ISPM No. 15 (ISPM No. 15). License No. 0-0000034, valid from 17.052018. - indefinitely. The products are affixed with an international mark with an individual number of LLC "AZL" - 63001.

License issued Federal Service on veterinary and phytosanitary supervision (Rosselkhoznadzor). The license was issued for the right to perform work on the destruction or deprivation of the viability of pests in regulated products or (in) regulated objects by the thermal method.

The license status can be checked on the Rosselkhoznadzor website "Information on issued licenses"

Directorate of Rosselkhoznadzor for the Samara region:

LLC "AZL" was assigned an individual number - 63001 and issued an international mark for marking wood packaging and fastening materials that have undergone heat treatment (HT) disinfection.
LLC "AZL" is included in the list of owners of marks registered by the Rosselkhoznadzor department for the Samara region, under number - 001.

Heat treatment of wood materials is carried out in a modern drying complex of the Italian manufacturer BigOnDry.

LLC "AZL" has successfully passed the voluntary certification for compliance international requirements in the field of process quality.

Certificates of conformity issued:

quality management systems in relation to the design, production and sale of containers and packaging for compliance with the requirements of GOST ISO 9001-2015 (ISO 9001: 2015);
quality management systems for labor protection in relation to the design, production and sale of containers and packaging for compliance with the requirements of GOST 12.0.230-2007 (OHSAS 18001: 2007);
environmental management systems in relation to the design, production and sale of containers and packaging for compliance with the requirements of GOST R ISO 14001-2016 (ISO 14001: 2015).

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES
ISPM No. 15

REGULATORY GUIDE FOR WOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

INTRODUCTION

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

1. Basis for regulation

3. Measures applied to wood packaging materials
3.1 Approved measures
3.2 Measures pending approval
3.3 Other measures
3.4 Review of measures

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS

4. Fixing wood

5.1 Conformity checks of measures used prior to export
5.2 Transit agreements
6. Procedures for import
6.1 Remedies for non-compliance at point of entry
6.2 Neutralization

ANNEXES
I. Approved measures related to wood packaging materials
II. Marking for approved measures
III. Measures considered for approval under this standard

INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF APPLICATION

This standard describes the phytosanitary measures needed to reduce the risk of the introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests carried with wood packaging materials (including dunnage) made from untreated softwood and deciduous wood and used in international trade.

Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, 2003. ISPM No. 5, FAO, Rome.
, 1997. FAO, Rome.
1995. ISFM No. 1. FAO, Rome
2001. ISPM No. 13. FAO, Rome.
2001. ISPM No. 12, FAO, Rome.
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, 1994. World Trade Organization, Geneva.
ISO 3166-1-ALPHA-2 CODE ELEMENTS

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

	Formal non-visual inspection to detect or identify pests [FAO, 1990]

pest risk analysis	The process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic data to determine the need for pest regulation and the severity of phytosanitary measures against it [FAO, 1990; revised, IPPC, 1997]

	Pest Risk Analysis [FAO, 1995]

identification (of a pest)	Pest detection during inspection or analysis of imported consignments [FAO; 1990; revised, KEFM, 1996]

	A certain amount of plants, plant products and / or other materials moving from one country to another and accompanied (if necessary) by one phytosanitary certificate (the consignment can be composed of one or more goods or consignments) [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; revised by ICFM, 2001]

wood

bark-free wood	Wood from which all bark has been removed except for cambium, ingrown bark around knots and bark depressions between annual growth rings [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

wood packaging materials	Wood or wood products (excluding paper products) used to support, protect or pack a product (including dunnage) [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

contamination (of the commodity)	The presence in the product of a living organism harmful to a plant or plant product. Infection also includes infection. [KEFM, 1997; revised by CEFM, 1999]

chamber drying	Process by which wood is dried indoors using heat and / or humidity control to achieve the required water content [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

quarantine pest	A pest of potential economic importance for an endangered area, in which it is not yet present or present, but has a limited distribution and is the object of official control [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997]

fixing wood	Wood that is used to secure or secure a product, but does not remain associated with the product itself [FAO, 1990; revised ISPM No. 15, 2002]

marking	An internationally recognized official seal or stamp on a regulated article certifying its phytosanitary status [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

untreated wood	Wood that has not been processed or treated [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

	National Plant Protection Organization [FAO, 1995; VKFM, 2001]

treatment	An officially approved procedure for the destruction, inactivation or removal of pests, or for their sterilization or devitalization [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; ISPM No. 15, 2002]

debarking	Removal of bark from round wood (debarking does not necessarily mean that the wood is free of bark) [FAO, 1990]

official	Established, authorized or executed by the National Plant Protection Organization [FAO, 1990]

recycled wood material	A product composed of wood using glue, heat, pressure, or a combination of these methods [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

regulated material	Any plant, plant product, storage site, packaging, vehicle, container, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harboring or promoting pests, for which phytosanitary measures are required, especially where when it comes to international transport [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997]

herbal products	Unprocessed plant material (including grain), as well as processed products that, by their nature or the way they are processed, may pose a risk of introduction and spread of pests [FAO, 1990; revised by the IPPC, 1997]

free of (about cargo, field or place of production)	Free of pests (or a specific pest) in quantities that can be detected using phytosanitary procedures [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995; KEFM, 1999]

certificate	An official document characterizing the phytosanitary condition of a consignment subject to phytosanitary regulations [FAO, 1990]

heat treatment	The process by which a product is heated to a minimum temperature for a minimum period of time in accordance with an officially recognized technical specification [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

	The type of plant, plant product or other item moved for trade or other purposes [FAO, 1990; revised by ICFM, 2001]

phytosanitary measure (accepted interpretation)	Legislation, regulation or formal procedure to prevent the introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests, or to limit economic damage from regulated non-quarantine pests [FAO, 1995, revised by the IPPC, 1997; VKS, 2001] The accepted interpretation of the term phytosanitary measure takes into account the existing relationship between phytosanitary measures and regulated non-quarantine pests. This relationship is not sufficiently reflected in the definition given in the articleIIIPPC (1997)

phytosanitary procedure	An officially prescribed method of applying phytosanitary regulations, including the conduct of inspection, analysis, surveillance or treatments for regulated pests [FAO, 1990; revised, FAO; 1995; KEFM, 1999; VKFM, 2001]

phytosanitary regulation	An official rule to prevent the introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests or to limit economic damage from regulated non-quarantine pests, in particular the establishment of procedures for phytosanitary certification [FAO, 1990; revised, FAO; 1995; KEFM, 1999; VKFM, 2001]

phytosanitary action	A formal operation, such as inspection, analysis, surveillance or processing, undertaken to implement phytosanitary regulations or procedures [ICPM, 2001)

fumigation	Treatment with a chemical that reaches a given product completely or mainly in a gaseous state [FAO, 1990; revised by FAO, 1995)

chemical pressure impregnation	Pressure treatment of wood with chemical preservatives in accordance with the official technical specification [ISPM No. 15, 2002]

emergency measure	A phytosanitary measure established in an emergency (emergency) procedure in a new or unexpected phytosanitary situation. An emergency measure may or may not be a temporary measure [VKFM, 2001, VKFM, 2005].

emergency action	Urgent phytosanitary action taken in a new or unexpected phytosanitary situation [VKFM, 2001]

SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

1. Basis for regulation

Wood packaging materials are often made from fresh wood that has not been processed or processed sufficiently to remove or destroy pests, and thus becomes a pathway for the introduction and spread of pests. In addition, wood packaging materials are often reused, recycled or remanufactured (since packaging materials obtained from the import of one consignment may be reused when exporting other consignments). The true origin of the various pieces of wood packaging material is difficult to determine and as a result, their phytosanitary condition cannot be reliably assessed. Therefore, a normal risk analysis process to determine if phytosanitary measures are necessary and how stringent they should be is often not possible for wood packaging materials, as their origin and phytosanitary status may not be known. Therefore, this standard describes globally accepted measures that are approved and can be applied to wood packaging materials by all countries to practically eliminate the risk for most quarantine pests and significantly reduce the risk to other pests that may be associated with these materials.

Countries must have a technical justification to require the application of the approved measures described in this standard for imported wood packaging material. The requirement for the use of phytosanitary measures that are not among those approved and described in this standard must also have a technical justification.

2. Regulated wood packaging materials

This guidance applies to coniferous and deciduous unprocessed wood packaging materials that may serve as a pathway for plant pests that threaten primary living trees. These include wood packaging materials such as pallets, dunnage, battens, packing blocks, drums and spools, crates and boxes, loading scaffolds, pallet shells, skid trails and props that can accompany almost any import, including those normally are not subject to phytosanitary inspection.

Wood packaging materials such as plywood veneers, sawdust, wood wool, wood chips and shavings, including twisted or raw wood sawn into thin pieces, cannot be introduced and spread by quarantine pests and should not be regulated except when it is technically justified.

3. Measures taken in relation to wood packaging materials

3.1. Approved measures
Any treatment, processing or combination of these that is highly effective against most pests should be considered effective in reducing the risk associated with wood packaging materials used in transport. The choice of a measure to be applied to wood packaging material should be based on the following considerations:
- a list of organisms that may be present
- the effectiveness of the measure
- technical and / or commercial feasibility.

Approved measures should be taken by all NPPOs as the basis for authorizing the entry of wood packaging material without additional requirements, unless as a result of pest detection and / or PRA carried out for specific pests associated with certain types of wood packaging material of a specific origin, it becomes clear that more stringent measures are required.

The approved measures are listed in Appendix I.

Wood packaging materials to which these approved measures are to be applied must bear the specific markings shown in Appendix II.

3.2. Measures pending approval
Other treatments or processing of wood packaging material will be approved when proven to provide an acceptable level of phytosanitary protection (Appendix III). The existing measures defined in Annex I are also undergoing revision and new research may lead, for example, to the use of new combinations of temperature and time. The new measures can also reduce the risk by changing the properties of wood packaging materials. NPPOs should be aware of the possibility of adding or changing measures and have sufficient flexibility in the import requirements for wood packaging material to enact changes as they are approved.

3.3. Other measures
NPPOs may take any other measures not listed in Annex I through agreements with trading partners, especially in cases where the measures listed in Annex I cannot be implemented or verified in the exporting country. Such measures must be technically sound and comply with the principles of transparency, non-discrimination and equivalence.

Certain movements of wood packaging material (for example, hardwood from tropical countries accompanying exports to temperate countries) may be considered by importing NPPOs to be free of pest risk and, as a result, exempt from the measures.

Subject to technical justification, countries may require imported wood packaging material subject to approved measures to be made from debarked wood, which should be reflected in the labeling shown in Annex II.

3.4. Revision of measures
Approved measures listed in Annex I, as well as those pending and listed in Annex III, should be revised based on new information provided to the Secretariat from the NPPO. This standard should be complemented by the ICPM accordingly.

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS

In pursuit of the goal of preventing the spread of pests, both exporting and importing countries should monitor compliance with this standard.

4. Fixing wood

Ideally, dunnage should be labeled in accordance with Annex II of this standard to demonstrate that it has been subjected to approved measures. Otherwise, it requires increased attention and should at least be made of debarked wood, free from pests and signs of the presence of living pests. In any other case, it must be returned or rendered harmless in accordance with approved procedures (see 6).

5. Procedures used before export

5.1 Conformity checks of measures used prior to export
The NPPO of the exporting country is responsible for ensuring that the export system complies with the requirements of this standard. This provision includes the monitoring of certification and labeling systems that verify compliance, as well as the establishment of screening procedures (see also ISPM No. 7: ), registration or accreditation and auditing of commercial companies applying the measures, etc.

5.2 Transit agreements
Where shipments in transit contain wood packaging material that does not meet the requirements for the application of approved measures, the NPPO of the country of transit has the right to require the application of measures in addition to those applied by the importing country in order to ensure that there is no unacceptable risk. from the side of these wood packaging materials.

6 . Import procedures

Regulation of wood packaging material requires NPPOs to have policies and procedures for new aspects of their wood packaging material responsibilities.

Since wood packaging materials accompany virtually all shipments, including those that are not normally subject to phytosanitary inspection, it is important to work with responsible agencies, organizations, etc., usually not involved in meeting phytosanitary export conditions or import requirements. For example, cooperation with customs should be reviewed to ensure effective detection of possible non-compliance of wood packaging material with the requirements of this standard. Cooperation with manufacturers of wood packaging materials also needs to be developed.

6.1 Remedies for non-compliance at point of entry
In the event that wood packaging material does not bear the required markings, action may be taken, unless current bilateral agreements provide otherwise. Such actions can be processing, neutralization or refusal of a pass. The NPPO of the exporting country may be notified (see ISPM No. 13: ). Where wood packaging materials are labeled as required but live pests have been detected and proven, action can also be taken. Such actions can be processing, neutralization or refusal of a pass. The NPPO of the exporting country should be notified when living pests are found and may be notified in other cases (see ISPM No. 13: Guidelines for notification of non-compliance and emergency action).

6.2 Neutralization
Decontamination of wood packaging material is a risk management option that can be used by the NPPO of the importing country upon the arrival of wood packaging material where treatment is not possible or desirable. The following methods are recommended for those cases where the decontamination of wood packaging material is required. Wood packaging materials requiring urgent action must be preserved prior to processing or disposal in such a way as to completely prevent the spread of pests from the moment they are detected until processing or disposal.

Incineration- complete combustion

Burial- deep burial in places approved by the competent authorities. (Note: this decontamination option is not suitable for wood infested with termites). The burial depth may depend on climatic conditions and the pest detected, but it is recommended that it be at least one meter. The material should be covered with earth immediately after burial and remain sealed thereafter.

Processing- shredding or further processing in accordance with the recommendations of the NPPO of the importing country for the destruction of detected pests (for example, the manufacture of structurally oriented boards - SOD).

Other methods- any procedures considered by the NPPO to be effective against detected pests.

These methods should be applied with the least possible delay.

APPENDIX I

APPROVED MEASURES RELATED TO WOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS

Heat treatment (HT)
Wood packaging materials must be heated in accordance with a specific temperature-time schedule, which achieves heating of the deepest parts of the wood to at least 56ºC for at least 30 minutes.

Heat drying is indicated by the HT marking (see Appendix II).

Fumigation of wood packaging materials with methyl bromide (MB)
Wood packaging materials must be treated with methyl bromide. Processing is indicated by the MB marking. The minimum rates for methyl bromide fumigation of wood packaging material should be as follows:

Temperature	Dose	Minimum concentration (g / m³)
Temperature	Dose	0.5 hour	2 hours	4 hours	16 hours
21ºC or higher
16ºC or higher
11ºC or higher

The minimum temperature should be at least 10ºC, and the minimum exposure time should be 16 hours.

List of the most dangerous pests destroyed by heat treatment and fumigation with methyl bromide
The following groups of pests associated with wood packaging materials are almost completely eliminated by heat treatment and fumigation with methyl bromide, carried out in accordance with the above specifications:

APPENDIX II

LABELING FOR APPROVED MEASURES

The markings below certify that the wood packaging material bearing this mark has been subjected to the approved measures.

XX - 000
YY

The marking should, as a minimum, include:
- symbol;
- the two-digit ISO country code followed by an individual number given by the NPPO to the manufacturer of the wood packaging material, who is responsible for the use of suitable wood and the provision of appropriate labeling;
- an abbreviation given by the IPPC in accordance with Annex I of the applied approved measure (e.g. HT, MV).

NPPOs, manufacturers or suppliers may, at their discretion, add reference numbers or other information to identify specific lots. Where debarking is required, the abbreviation DB must be added to the abbreviations of the approved measures. Other information may also be included as long as it is not confusing, deceptive or false.

The marking should be:
- corresponding to the above model;
- easy to read;
- permanent and not portable;
- located in a conspicuous place, preferably on at least two opposite sides of the material to be certified.

The use of red and orange should be avoided as they are used in the labeling of dangerous goods.

Recycled, remanufactured and repaired wood packaging materials must be re-checked and labeled. All components of these materials must be processed.

APPENDIX III

MEASURES CONSIDERED FOR APPROVAL UNDER THIS STANDARD

The treatments that are being considered and which can be approved when reasonable grounds are obtained include, but are not limited to:

Fumigation

Phosphine
Sulfuryl fluoride
Carbonyl sulfide

Chemical pressure impregnation (CPI)

Alternating high pressure and vacuum processing
Double vacuum treatment
Hot and cold working at normal pressure
Juice replacement method

Irradiation

Gamma irradiation
X-rays
Microwave
Infrared irradiation
Electron beam treatment

Controlled atmosphere

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES (ISPM)

International Plant Protection Convention, 1997. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 1: The principles of plant quarantine in connection with international trade, 1995 FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 2: Analysis Guide phytosanitary risk, 1996. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 3: Conducts import and release of exotic biological control agents, 1996. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 4: Requirements for the establishment of free zones , 1996. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 5: Glossary phytosanitary terms, 2003. FAO, Rome.
Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, Appendix No. 1: Guide to the Interpretation and Application of the Concept of Official Control of Regulated Pests, 2001. FAO, Rome.
Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, Appendix No. 2: Guidance on the Interpretation of Potential Economic Significance and Related Terms, Including, in particular, Environmental Considerations, 2003. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 6: Supervision Guide, 1997. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 7: Export certification system, 1997. FAO, Rome.
ISPM No. 8: Determination of pest status in an area, 1998. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 9: Guidelines for pest eradication programs, 1998. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 10: Requirements for the establishment of free production sites and free production areas, 1999. FAO, Rome
ISPM 11: Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including environmental risk analysis, 2003. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 12: Guidelines for Phytosanitary Certificates, 2001. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 13: Guidelines for notification of non-compliance and emergency action, 2001. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 14: Using integrated measures in systematic approach to pest risk management, 2002. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 15: Guidelines for the regulation of wood packaging materials in international trade, 2002. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 16: Regulated non-quarantine pests: concept and application, 2002. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 17: Pest alert, 2002. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 18: Guidance on the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure, 2003. FAO, Rome.
ISPM 19: Guidelines for Lists of Regulated Pests, 2003. FAO, Rome.

Due to the fact that there is a high probability of the transfer of pests, larvae and microbes from the wood of pallets to the transported goods, the secretariat of the International Convention for the Protection (Quarantine) of Plants of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO) in March 2002 was adopted ISPM 15 "Guidelines for the regulation of wood packaging materials in international trade". It contains a list of sanitary and phytosanitary measures to be taken to reduce the risk of “introduction and / or spread of quarantine pests carried with wood packaging materials (including dunnage) made from untreated softwood and hardwood and used in international trade”.

These measures apply to wooden pallets (and not only: wooden boxes, cable reels, etc.), which are often made from fresh wood that has not been processed sufficiently to remove or destroy the pests contained in the wood.

ISPM 15 requires wood packaging and fastening materials to be free from bark, wood pests and their pathways.

These materials must also be decontaminated by oven drying, heat treatment, or fumigation (fumigation) with methyl bromide. In most countries, wood heat treatment and kiln drying technologies are used. Methyl bromide fumigation is less common and banned in some countries.

After the appearance international standard ISPM 15 in many countries of the world have taken measures to enforce its provisions through national legislation, and the European Union was one of the first to announce the introduction of the provisions of the standard into the EU Directive.

In Russia, despite the absence direct action the ISPM 15 standard, phytosanitary control is no less strict. So, back in February 2005, Rosvetnadzor disseminated "Information on phytosanitary measures introduced by the countries of the world to wood packaging and fastening materials imported into their territory." The main phytosanitary measure is the processing of blanks and finished pallets according to the ISPM 15 standard by the method of chamber drying at temperatures above 60 ° C, which should lead to the complete destruction of all types of wood pests.

In accordance with ISPM 15 and Federal law RF of July 15, 2000 No. 99-FZ "On plant quarantine", each batch of manufactured pallets processed by the chamber drying method is supplied with documents confirming that all of them have undergone phytosanitary processing: a certificate of conformity and an act of State quarantine phytosanitary supervision.

Phytosanitary certificate is an international document ( established sample), which is issued by the quarantine and / or plant protection authorities of the exporting countries, and certifies the phytosanitary condition of the goods. The phytosanitary certificate must be attached to transport documents accompanying the goods.

In accordance with ISPM 15 Standard, in addition to receiving a certificate, each pallet must be marked with a special stamp "IPPC" or as it is also called "Spikelet".

The pallet must contain:

IPPC is an abbreviation of the International Plant Protection (Quarantine) Convention;
Country code of the manufacturer. On this brand it is Russia (RU);
The code of the region where the production took place (16);
The unique number of the enterprise that carried out the phytosanitary treatment (xxx);
Disinfection method.

HT - wood has been heat treated;

KD - drying took place using high temperatures in a closed chamber;

MV - fumigation carried out;

And one more sign "DB" indicates that the wood used for production is debarked.

Such a mark means that a phytosanitary treatment has been carried out according to the ISPM 15 standard.

There are several ways to handle pallets.

Fumigation- treatment of wood with a chemical substance in a liquid or gaseous state that kills all pests and bacteria. This method has a significant drawback - after fumigation, the tree changes its properties, a certain amount of solution remains on the surface of the wood, which is undesirable. Because of this, many businesses, especially those involved in the production or storage of food, generally refuse to accept pallets processed in this way. Therefore, pallet companies are starting to move to other, more progressive methods.

Heat treatment- long-term exposure with high temperature in a special chamber, due to which all pests and microorganisms die.

All pallets on which products are sent abroad are mandatory undergo phyto-processing and must have a stamp confirming this. If the pallet is manufactured for use in Belarus, then these strict rules do not apply.

International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. Certificates. Requirements Information

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES ISPM No. 15

REGULATORY GUIDE FOR WOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES
ISPM No. 15