The production of stretch films attracts entrepreneurs with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of the technological process. At the same time, the product itself is light and compact, which makes it easy to transport. In addition, the scope of its application is quite extensive: these are shops, supermarkets, catering establishments, construction stores, pharmacies and other retail outlets where you need to quickly pack goods. Therefore, a business in the production of such a product promises to be profitable.

Documentation

Registering a business is easy. It is important to choose the appropriate form of entrepreneurship. If you are organizing a small production, you can stop at individual entrepreneur... If you are a serious investor and are planning a large-scale production, give preference to LLC.

Also include in your business plan getting permits from the environmental service, the sanitary-epidemiological station, the fire department and the local administration. The registration of these papers will take at least a month and about $ 400.

At the same time, it is necessary to resolve the issue of waste disposal. The simplest solution is to conclude an appropriate contract with a company that specializes in the production of plastic products. There is a more reliable but expensive option - to purchase equipment for recycling.

Premises

V mandatory the business plan involves the lease of premises for a workshop. You need to look for it in an area remote from residential areas. The ideal option is the territory industrial enterprises or outside the city. Please note that stretch film belongs to the first category of fire hazardous materials, therefore, special requirements are put forward for the room by the fire inspection. The rest of the rates are calculated based on the production turnover.

Required area - from 100 sq. m, with ceilings of at least 10 m.Such parameters will allow you to place everything necessary equipment... Since raw materials for production are highly absorbent, care must be taken to keep the room dry.

Equipment for the production of

The most important part of a business plan is equipment. For the production of stretch films, a special production line is installed - an extruder. It works in a simple way. Raw materials are loaded into a special container, where they are heated to the required temperature. Then the mass is pushed through the worm screw to the extrusion head. And already she transforms the mass into a film.

Difficulties arise at the stage of choosing the functional content of the line, as well as the type of extruder. It can produce film in two ways:

• through a flat-slot head;
• through the sleeve head when the sleeve is subsequently inflated.

The film is shrinkable, one, two, three or seven layers, etc. The equipment that needs to be purchased depends on the choice of the type of film produced. Universal equipment, which can be upgraded to meet the new needs of the business plan, will cost 80-120 thousand dollars.

Better to buy it from authorized dealers. Then you get service, including post-warranty, as well as staff training.

Types of films

Films can be produced in the following types:

• food;
• pallet
• manual;
• machine;
• standard;
• power.

Foodstuffs are intended for packaging products: sausages, cheeses, semi-finished products, confectionery, poultry, etc. Such a film can be made from:

• polystyrene;
• copolymers of ethylene vinyl acetate;
• linear polyethylene;

Pallets differ in thickness of 15-30 micrometers and are not intended for food products... Manual ones involve manual labor, and machine ones are installed on a special packaging machine - a palletizer.

Production technology

The mixture for the preparation of stretch films is based on two main materials:

• polyvinyl chloride or linear polyethylene;
• liquid adhesive additive.

Also, their own secret additives can be used at the discretion of the technologist. The main thing is that the output is a transparent film with appropriate characteristics and uniform winding. Usually, a custom recipe is developed for about six months and it takes 15 tons of raw materials. But the developed recipe must be approved with the appropriate authorities.

The recipe can not be developed independently, but purchased together with the finished production line. Similarly, raw materials can be produced independently if the purchase of the corresponding production line is planned. And you can buy at processing plants. The latter is simpler and cheaper, but you need to constantly check the quality and be prepared for possible delivery delays.

Film characteristic

You can check how the film meets the necessary requirements according to the following criteria:

• sufficient transparency;
• good stickiness, when the end of the film does not stick off during transportation or storage, but at the same time it separates well when the goods need to be unpacked;
• clamping force - tension in the remainder, which helps to securely hold the load on the pallet;
• pre-stretching - how much the film can be stretched to ensure a secure hold of the product and the integrity of the film.

Financial calculation

To start production, it is necessary to provide for the following items of expenses:

• raw materials - 50 thousand dollars;
• equipment (extruder) - $ 100 thousand;
• registration of the enterprise's activities - $ 400;
• wages for workers (10 people) - 20 thousand dollars / year;
• rent - 12 thousand dollars / year;
• other costs - 10 thousand dollars.

In total, starting a business will require investments of 160-200 thousand dollars. With a competent organization of sales channels, experts promise that the enterprise will reach recoupment already in the first year of operation, although others recommend relying on a period of 2-3 years. If everything is calculated correctly, the profitability of the enterprise will reach 15%.

The production and consumption of stretch films in Russia is growing every year, as the material is in constant demand. There are more and more goods, high-quality packaging of goods with minimal costs is of particular importance. Stretch film copes well with this, due to its properties:

• strength - tensile without breaks in the transverse and longitudinal directions up to 300%;
• pulling force - preservation of residual stress after fixing the film on the product;
• transparency, flexibility, tightness and safety.

Let's dwell on the production process and equipment for the production of stretch films.

Raw materials for stretch film

Depending on the method of production and subsequent use, it may include: linear LLDPE polyethylene, PVC polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polymers, adhesive additives. Polyethylene can be added to reduce cost. low pressure, but this leads to a deterioration in its quality.

Regulatory documents (GOST, TU, TN VED)

GOST for stretch film is not provided. The material is produced according to technical conditions. In the manufacture of stretch by the slit extrusion method, the requirements of TU 2245-001-72384673-2005 are followed, which are valid for films with a thickness of 15 ... 23 microns, a width of 100-500 mm, and a relative elongation at break of 250 ... 350%.

Food stretch film is manufactured according to TU 2245-001-72384673-2005. Action technical conditions applies to a joint venture with a width of 200 ... 500 mm, a thickness of 6 ... 12 microns, and a relative elongation at rupture of 120 ... 200%.

In the classifier of goods, which is used by the customs for identification, the following TN VED codes are assigned to the stretch film: 3920102400 - 3920102600.

Equipment and technology for the production of stretch films

Extruder is the main element production line... The rest is represented by a compressor, a cooling machine, edging and disposal devices, and a bale forming system. The release of stretch film looks like this:

1. A special compartment is filled source material in the form of granules.
2. The raw material is heated.
3. When the desired temperature is reached, the heated mass is fed to the extruder head.
4. A film forms at the exit.

The products in question are distinguished by types. To obtain the required properties, appropriate equipment and production technology are used. Allocate flat-slit extrusion and blow molding.

Flat slit extrusion (cast production)

80% of all stretch films produced are produced by slot extrusion. With this method, the stretch comes out of the extruder in the form of an endless polymer web wound on cardboard or plastic cylindrical spools.

The five-layer film made using this technology has firmly established itself as the main production standard custom films. Its first layer, closest to the axis of the bushing, is responsible for the adhesive properties, the next two are filled with copolymers that provide stretching of the material, the fourth is the power frame, the outer, fifth layer is responsible for antistatic and anti-adhesive properties. The thickness of the joint venture produced on the cast lines varies from 10 to 23 microns. It is the cast film, with its high tensile capacity, that is used for packaging work.

A standard stretch film production line includes:

• dispenser for adjusting material consumption;
• an extruder supplemented with a flat head;
• cooling device;
• film rewinder.

The production process is hot watering of raw materials onto a cooling drum, which includes the following technological stages:

1. The raw material is fed into the receiver of the extruder.
2. The synthetic mass is heated.
3. Extruded through a flat die onto a cooling drum.
4. As a result of "thermal shock", the film acquires transparency and tensile strength.
5. The finished product is wound on a spool. Rough and too thick edges are cut off beforehand. The waste generated in this way is sent for recycling.

Flat-slot head design - two plates. The distance between them is regulated by means of thermal pins. With their help, the amount of melt is set. An irrigation drum is provided to cool the material. The task of this machine is to rapidly cool the melt. This achieves product transparency. The drum rotation speed determines the thickness of the stretch film.

The flat slit extruder for the production of stretch film compares favorably with the blown one. The release of material with better quality characteristics is organized:

• transparency, strength, rigidity;
• uniform thickness;
• productivity.

But start-up investments when organizing a business and purchasing equipment, it will take 10-15 times more than when purchasing equipment for blow molding.

Blown extrusion stretch film production

Blown extrusion or coextrusion method appeared in the 70s, simultaneously with the invention of LLDPE. It is cheaper to produce the film by this method than to produce it on cast lines (flat-slit extrusion), but in this case the characteristics of the stretch film do not allow it to be used as a packaging film.

The stretch film produced by the blown extrusion method is strong, the number of layers is from 1 to 3, but the film's ability to pre-stretch does not exceed 85%. It is used when packing hay, therefore it is called "hay". Sometimes compressed household waste is stored in it, which is then used in road construction.

Extrusion blow molding technology in stages:

1. The polymer is melted and fed into the ring die.
2. The distributor creates conditions when the melt fills the available volume.
3. A billet is formed in the form of a cylinder. The forced air inflates her.
4. The air blower cools the sleeve and then feeds it to the device, where the pull rollers stretch the material.
5. The finished film is wound on a special roller.

The result is an elastic film that is characterized by extreme strength. Such material is used for packing hay rolls in the fields (hay film), which once again proves the reliability of this material. Blown film is often used for food packaging.

Reference! Blown extrusion is inferior to flat-slit in terms of the stretch ability of the resulting film: 85% versus 300% of the original length, but it wins in strength characteristics.

Recycled stretch film

The type of raw material determines what will be obtained at the output. The following stretch film options are available: primary and secondary. The first can be used both for food packaging and for machine wrapping of pallets. As for the second, here the production process is organized using synthetic waste. As a result, such a film does not have good strength and is used when working with industrial goods. The food direction is excluded.

What is made from stretch film waste

Recycling of recyclable materials in the form of stretch waste leads to the production of granules that are used in production:

• stretch films (re);
• garbage bags, plastic containers;
• composite materials;
• plastic and other products.

In this case, the granules do not completely replace the feedstock. They are used as an additive, which is associated with the loss of some of the physicochemical properties as a result of processing.

The production of recycled stretch film is cheaper for the manufacturer due to the lower price of raw materials, therefore the material from the recycled granule itself costs less. Many construction companies, water and beer factories use recycled stretch.

One of large enterprises, carrying out the production of stretch films from recycled materials - "Vicona". The company is engaged in the purchase of waste polymer materials, their washing, processing and release of films using recycled granules.

The production of stretch films differs depending on the specific manufacturer. Getting a material with the right characteristics means buying the “right” equipment. But this cannot be limited to. Access to technology is also required. Although, to achieve the desired quality, the path of trial and error is not excluded. At the same time, purchasing licensed technology simplifies this process.

Specialists are also important. The production should employ people who perfectly know the technology used. As for the raw materials, they are mainly bought. But some open their own lines that recycle waste stretch film, which is profitable.

The form above doesn't work

Stretch film ( stretch) - a material intended for packaging a wide variety of goods and materials. Its feature is the ability to stretch, which allows you to fully cover various products. At the same time, the ability to recover after use can be attributed to the features of this material.

Here we will talk about the production of stretch film, but first we will analyze its types. Today there are only two varieties:

• Kling film is very thin;
• Multilayer packaging.

Each of the types has its own characteristics and areas of application. Also, stretch wrap is classified according to the method of production.

Raw materials for production

Pallet stretch wrap is made from linear low density polyethylene (LDL).

In Russia, LDL is produced, for example, by Kazanorgsintez, NizhnekamskNefteKhim, as well as other plants and companies of the petrochemical industry.

When 100% of domestic materials are used in production, the price reduction can amount to tens of percent. But you need to understand that due to the raw technology and the lack of a wide range of brands, it is unlikely that there will be the right decision the use of 100% domestic material in the production of high-quality machine stretch films with a pre-stretch level of 250% and above.

Equipment and technology for the production of stretch films

Special extrusion lines (extruders) are used as equipment.

There are two production technologies:

• Blown extrusion;
• Flat slit extrusion.

Blown extrusion

Emergence this method coincides with the appearance of linear polyethylene. A feature of this production method is a small amount Money for investment, but it should be noted that this particular manufacturing method is less effective. According to the results production process a two- or three-layer stretch film is obtained. It is this production method that makes it possible to obtain the most durable film at the moment, which has high elasticity.

The products produced by this method can most often be used in the agricultural sector, for example, as a material for packaging, for example, a hay roll. And although it is not very often seen in our fields, it is very actively used in many European countries. Such a division occurred only due to the fact that in our country the production of stretch films is relatively new business, therefore, its use is poorly spread.

Video how to do:

Production by means of flat slit extrusion

Manufacturing in this way allows you to get a product that looks like a solid polymer web, wound on a vertical cylindrical sleeve. As we said above, this production method is more efficient and it allows you to produce a clearing film. As a result of this method, you can get from three to seven-layer stretch film, but the most popular is the five-layer one.

For the production of stretch films, so-called cast lines are used. At the same time, they may differ from each other depending on the size, operating speed of the apparatus itself, as well as the winder of the resulting product, the number of layers obtained, productivity and energy consumption. That is why the prices for this equipment are very different.

It is worth noting the fact that all methods of making films with a thickness of more than three layers are currently experimental, including newer technologies used to produce products in 21 layers. The increase in layers helps to improve the quality and properties of the product: the extensibility is increased, the puncture and tear resistance is improved, and the adhesion of the film to itself is reduced.

• Room selection
• Financial calculation
• • • • Related business ideas:

Stretch film production is profitable business... A relatively low entrance ticket, quick payback and low market saturation make this business attractive enough for investors.

Stretch film and its characteristics

Statistics show that more than 100 thousand tons of stretch films are produced in Russia annually. At average cost at 220 rubles / kg, this means a market capacity of more than 220 billion rubles. In view of the fact that the sphere of production of goods will develop, the demand for packaging products will also increase. The level of consumption of stretch films in our country is 3-4 times lower than in Western Europe. According to experts, the annual market growth is 15%. The potential for growth in consumption can go up to the level of 350 thousand tons per year. Stretch film is an irreplaceable packaging material. Thanks to it, the process of warehousing and transportation of goods is facilitated, losses and damage to goods from violation of the integrity of the package are reduced. This is a relatively cheap material, very convenient for manual and prompt packing of goods for food and industrial production... In addition to production workers, such packaging is often used by warehouses and transport companies... An important advantage of a stretch film is its resistance to different temperature conditions. The raw materials for the production of stretch films are LDPE granules, linear polyethylene (LLDPE) and liquid glue (adhesive). They are purchased from industrial enterprises. Prices for polymer raw materials can be found on the website: http://www.polimersnab.com/ (Polymersnab).

Stretch film production technology

In Russia, the producers of linear polyethylene are such companies as Kazanorgsintez, NizhnekamskNefteKhim and Shurtan Gas Chemical Complex. Using only domestic raw materials can reduce the cost finished products up to 20%. However, as experts note, it will not be possible to produce high-quality packaging film using only domestic raw materials. The technology of polyethylene production in our country is still poorly developed, moreover, there is no branded assortment. That's why modern enterprises to one degree or another they are forced to purchase foreign raw materials. Famous foreign brands include Dow, Sabic and ExxonMobil. Depending on the type of raw materials used, primary and secondary stretch films are distinguished. Recycled stretch film is mainly used for packaging industrial goods and is made from recycled synthetic waste. Therefore, it costs much less. For food packaging, only stretch film made from primary raw materials is used.

What equipment to choose for the production of stretch film

The cost of lines for the production of stretch films starts at $ 100 thousand. Most of what is on the market today is made in China. The composition of the line, depending on the type of film produced, may include: Extruders, edge recovery, chiller, compressors, automatic roll winding station, pneumatic shafts, edge selection. Average productivity modern lines: 30 - 100kg of film per hour.

Room selection

Production is not demanding on the condition of the premises and the availability of all communications. It is not uncommon for such enterprises to open in ordinary hangars and warehouses. The main thing is that there is sufficient electrical power for the operation of machines and an area for storing finished products. The required area for equipment placement is 80 - 150 sq. m. The same amount should be allocated for the warehouse of finished products. To accommodate managers and the director's office, it is necessary to allocate another 30-50 sq. m. office space. The office does not have to be located during production, but to rent a separate room, since all communications will already be required here: water supply, heating, ventilation, etc.

Financial calculation

The basic calculation of the cost of the film looks like this:

• Raw materials (linear polyethylene) - 62 rubles / kg.
• Electricity - 7 rubles / kg.
• Premises rental - 2 rubles / kg.
• Salary and insurance contributions - 8 rubles / kg.
• Other expenses - 3 rubles / kg.

Total - 82 rubles / kg.

How much can you earn on stretch film

The wholesale price of stretch film is at least 120 rubles / kg. Profit per kilogram is at least 38 rubles. It turns out that with a line capacity of 10 tons per month, the profit of the enterprise will be about 380,000 rubles. Investments in equipment pay off in 1.5 - 2 years (if there are permanent sales channels).

Video - modern equipment for the production of stretch films

Step-by-step plan for starting a stretch film business

1. Study of production technology.
2. Sales market analysis.
3. Solving the problem of waste disposal.
4. Purchase of equipment.
5. Rent a room.
6. Arrangement of a workshop that meets the standards.
7. Production launch.
8. Advertising company.

How much money is needed to start a business

1. Purchase of raw materials - from 100 thousand rubles.
2. Purchase of equipment - from 1 million rubles.
3. Registration of activities, obtaining permits - from 5 thousand rubles.
4. Premises rental - from 50 thousand rubles.
5. Other expenses - from 25 thousand rubles.

The organization of production will require from 1 million 200 thousand rubles. With a competent business organization, extensive distribution channels, the costs are paid off in the very first year of production.

Which OKVЄD to indicate during registration

• 22 - production of plastic products for packaging.
• 23 - production of plastic products for construction.
• 24 - manufacture of other plastic products.

What documents are needed to register a business

When registering a small enterprise, preference should be given to individual entrepreneurs. To legalize activities, it is worth submitting a photocopy of your passport, an application and a receipt for payment of the state duty to the tax service. When organizing large-scale production, preference is given to LLC. The process of registering a business is almost the same as for an individual entrepreneur. The main feature of stretch film production is a laborious process that requires technological knowledge.

Which taxation system to choose when registering

Do I need a permit to open a production

For the production of stretch films, it is necessary to obtain permission from the environmental service, SES, fire department and local administration. This view business refers to environmentally unsafe and requires compliance with the rules for organizing activities: workshop equipment, installation of devices, waste disposal, etc.