Application of robots in the modern world presentation. Intelligent robots state and prospects d.a. Dobrynin blame the wounds. Educational presentation "What robots can do" for older preschool children

Word "robot" was invented by the Czech writer Karel Czapek and his brother Josef and was first used in Czapek's play "R.U.R." ("Rossum universal robots", 1921).

Czapek's robots were not mechanical, but biological creatures. They just lacked some human functions, in particular the ability to fall in love, and hence the desire to continue their race.

Robot is called an automatic device that has a manipulator, a mechanical analogue of a human hand - and a control system for this manipulator.

Industrial robot- an autonomous device consisting of a mechanical manipulator and a reprogrammable control system, which is used to move objects in space in various production processes.

Are essential components of automated flexible production systems(GPS), which can increase labor productivity.

Functional diagram of an industrial robot

The robot contains mechanical part and control system this mechanical part, which in turn receives signals from the sensory part. The mechanical part of the robot is divided into a manipulation system and a movement system.

Manipulator is a mechanism for controlling the spatial position of tools and objects of labor.

Manipulators include two types of movable links:

links providing forward movement
links providing angular movement

The combination and mutual arrangement of the links determines the degree of mobility, as well as the scope of the manipulation system of the robot.

The links can be driven electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically to provide movement.

Gripping devices are part of the manipulators (although optional). Instead of gripping devices, the manipulator can be equipped with a working tool. This can be a spray gun, a welding head, a screwdriver, etc.

Control

Control there are several types:

Program control- the simplest type of control system, used to control manipulators at industrial facilities. In such robots, there is no sensory part, all actions are rigidly fixed and regularly repeated. To program such robots, programming environments such as VxWorks / Eclipse or programming languages such as Forth, Oberon, Component Pascal, C can be used. Industrial computers in mobile version PC / 104 and less often MicroPC are usually used as hardware. Can be done using a PC or PLC.
Adaptive control- robots with an adaptive control system are equipped with a sensor part. The signals transmitted by the sensors are analyzed and, depending on the results, a decision is made on further action, going to the next stage of actions, etc.
Method-based artificial intelligence.
Human control(for example, remote control).

Modern robots function based on principles feedback, subordinate control and hierarchy of the robot control system.

Industrial robot actions

moving parts and workpieces from machine to machine or from machine to interchangeable pallet systems;
welding of seams and spot welding;
painting;
performing cutting operations with the movement of the tool along a complex path.

Advantages of using

fast enough payback
exclusion of influence human factor at conveyor production, as well as during monotonous work requiring high accuracy;
increasing the accuracy of performing technological operations and, as a result, improving the quality;
possibility of using technological equipment in three shifts, 365 days a year;
rationality of the use of production facilities;
exclusion of the impact of harmful factors on personnel in industries with increased danger;

Tokyo Command Rescue Robot fire safety loads on itself a "victim" during anti-terrorist exercises.

Security robot T-34 s remote control immobilizes the "attacker"

Visitors to CeBIT 2009 in Hannover, Germany watch Rollin "Justin make tea

Industrial robots at the Iranian automobile plant Khodro are involved in the production of the Samand

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Slide captions:

Entertainment "ROBOTS IN HUMAN LIFE" Prepared by educators of MADOU ds kv № 12 Kudlivskaya Yu. A. Rogovaya OV

A robot is an automatic device created on the principle of a living organism and designed to carry out various operations that a person performs. It acts according to a pre-planned program and receives information about the outside world from sensors. OPERATIONS PERFORM independently or at the command of a person. History: Ancient Myths

3rd century BC - A rhimed: pulley block and catapult

1495 - L EONARDO DA V INCHI: THE FIRST HUMAN LIKE ROBOT

1878 Russian inventor: P afnutiy ch ebyshev - a plantigrade machine

1898 - N ikola t esla: radio-controlled ship

1893 - Ah rchibald ch champion - Boilerplate mechanical robot for conflict resolution

1927 - b. J. Wenzley - the first electric robot Televox 1928 - robot erik, could talk and walk

19zo g - mei. - Robot A lfa 1931 - J.M. Barnet - Robot in Illi

1992 - the smallest robot in the world "Monsier" of the Japanese company "Seiko Epson Corporation"

Robot functions: In medicine

In space exploration: lunar rover, rover, satellite

In production: In sports IN LEISURE

Robots at home:

Exhibition of robotics at vdnh a:

Robotics workshop:

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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